Week 4 - Nervous and Peripheral Nervous System
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
Location of spinal cord within the vertebral column
• located in the vertebral foramen
Four main divisions of the vertebral column.
cervical thoracic lumbar sacrum coccyx.
At which level the spinal cord terminates
The spinal cord ends at the level of vertebrae L1–L2
Structure of the PNS
The PNS is divided into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems.
What does the somatic nervous system control
The somatic system controls voluntary activities
What does the autonomic nervous system control
Receives a continual supply of sensory input from sensory receptors which monitor the internal body environment to achieve homeostasis
Peripheral Nervous System role
containing all the nerves that lie outside of the central nervous system (CNS). The primary role of the PNS is to connect the CNS to the organs, limbs, and skin.
Spinal Cord Function
Provides a two-way pathway for nerve impulses to travel between the brain and the body
What are the spinal cord pathways?
Ascending tracts (sensory info) Descending tracts (Motor info)
What does the voluntary control of body movements consist of?
Afferent (sensory nerves) and Efferent (motor nerves)
What does the involuntary control consist of?
afferent (sensory) nerves, and two efferent (motor) nerves – the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
What can the autonomic nervous system be split into to?
Sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions
Differences between Cranial and Spinal nerves
• Cranial has a single nerve root, Spinal has 2 roots (dorsal and ventral) • Cranial has 12 pairs of nerves, spinal has 31 pairs. • the type of nerve for cranial is either mostly mixed, sensory only, or motor only. The spinal types of nerves are mostly mixed only
Different types of vertebral columns
• Cervical • Thoracic • Lumbar • Sacral • Coccygeal
How many vertebrae does the cervical column have?
7 vertebrae
How many vertebrae does the Thoracic column have?
12 vertebrae
How many vertebrae does the lumbar column have?
5 vertebrae
How many vertebrae does the sacral column have?
5 fused vertebrae
How many vertebrae does the coccygeal column have?
3-5 fused vertebrae
Define a reflex and state the purpose
Rapid action performed without conscious thought as a response to a stimulus
Reflex arc named in ORDER
• Receptor • Sensory Neuron • Association neuron • Motor Neuron • Effector
What part of the CNS contains the integration centre of a spinal reflex?
Spinal Cord Grey Matter (Patella reflex)
What part of the CNS contains the integration centre of a cranial reflex
Brainstem Grey Matter (Movement of eyes when reading)
What type of involvement is the Cranial Vagus nerve (CNX)
Important involvement in autonomic functions (Heart, lungs, digestive systems)