C3.11/C3.12 - Nanoparticles
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nanoscience
study of particles between 1- 100 nanometres in size
1 nm =
• 1 x 10 to the power of -9 -1 billionth of a metre
particulate matter (pm)
-particles in air -often pollutants or pollen/dust
size of nanoparticles
2 order of magnitude (100 times) smaller than the finest dust particle -invisible in light
the higher the SA:V ratio is ..
the greater the proportion of particles exposed at the surface are
Nanoparticles SA:V ratio
-higher ratio = reacts quicker
why do nanoparticles react quicker
more particles nearer to surface = more exposure to reactant = faster reaction
surface are
length x width x number of faces
volume
length x width x depth
why is nanotech useful
-smaller quantities are used for same outcome -less resources are used up -more sustainable approach in industries
Nanotech: Fabrics - application
-silver nanoparticles embedded in fabric
Nanotech: Fabrics - benefits
-gives fabric antibacterial properties -odour resistant
Nanotech: Fabrics - cons
-washed out of clothes -damage environment
Nanotech: Medicine -application
-delivery of drugs to particular locations in body -known as nanocages
Nanotech: Medicine - pros
-destroys tumour cells but not healthy cells
Nanotech: Medicine - cons
-needs more testing before trusted by public
Nanotech: Electronics - application
-used to improve displays
Nanotech: Electronics - pros
-reduces power consumption -decreases weight of screens -less material
Nanotech: Electronics - cons
• damage environment if disposed of incorrectly
Nanotech: sunscreens - application
-nanoparticles coated in zinc oxide
Nanotech: sunscreens - pros
-absorb uv light more efficiently -better skin coverage
Nanotech: sunscreens - cons
-can cause skin damage
Nanotech: cosmetics - application
-face creams/deodrant use silver nanoparticles
Nanotech: cosmetics - pros
-better skin coverage -effective on bacteria