A2: Unit 5 Complex Ions
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Define “Ligand”
a species (atom/ion/molecule) that DONATES a lone PAIR of ELECTRONS to form a COORDINATE bond with a metal atom or ion
Define “Coordinate Bond”
a COVALENT bond in which a pair of electrons come from the same ATOM???
Define “Coordination Number”
the NUMBER of COORDINATE BONDS formed with the central metal atom or ion
Define “Complex Ion”
complex = metal ion surrounded by coordinately bonded ligands
Two examples of smaaaaaall ligands and how MANY can you fit around the central metal ION and what shape do they form?
H2O NH3 6 Octahedral
Give an example of a MEDIUM sized ligand and how many can you fit around central metal ION
Cl- 4
[CuCl4]2- What COLOUR and SHAPE is this?
Cu later sponge bob YELLOW SQUARE TETRAHEDRAL
Draw the structure of Cisplatin
Pt in middle Two upper arms are NH3 Two lower arms are Cl-
What shape is Cisplatin?
Square Planar
[Ag (NH3)2]+ How many COORDINATE bonds and what SHAPE?
● 2 ● LINEAR
How do you work out the oxidation state of the METAL ION?
total oxidation state - sum of oxidation states of LIGANDS
Work out the oxidation state of the metal ION in [CoCl4]2-
-2 - (-1×4) = +2
COLOUR of [CoCl4]2- ?
CoCl the Avatar Prince is BLUE
Why are some Ligands described as “UNIDENTATE”
can only form 1 COORDINATE bond
Why are some Ligands described as “MULTIDENTATE”
can form MORE than 1 COORDINATE bond
Give an example of a multidentate ligand and how many coordinate bonds does it form?
EDTA4- ● forms 6 coordinate bonds
Example of a bidentate ligand and how many coordinate bonds can it form?
:NH2CH2CH2:NH2
What is the role of Haemoglobin?
● PROTEIN found in BLOOD ● helps TRANSPORT OXYGEN around body
Draw the structure of Haemoglobin and what SHAPE is it?
● Check for answer in page 167 of Revision Guide ● OCTAHEDRAL shape
How many coordinate bonds are made with the __2+ ions in Haemoglobin?
● Fe2+ ● 6 coordinate bonds
what forms the “HAEM” part of Haemoglobin
~ 4 lone pairs from Nitr●●●●gens ~ form a ○ circle around Fe2+
Suggest one feature of silver chemistry which IS a characteristic of the transition elements
catalysis
What is the common use of Cisplatin?
anti-cancer drug