Topic A3 - Inorganic
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What block are group 2 metals in?
s-block
What is the structure of group 2?
giant metallic structure/ metallic bonding
What ions do group 2 form?
+2
When group 2 react with water what forms?
alkaline solution
What is the general trend down group 2?
stronger reducing agents down the group
What is meant be a stronger reducing agent?
lose electrons faster
Why are group 2 metals stronger reducing agents down the group?
-decreasing sum of 1st and 2nd ionisation energies -decreasing metallic bonding strength
Group 2 reactions: with oxygen
-redox reaction -forms ionic compound (solid - due to high MP) e.g. Mg - bright white light, white powder
Group 2 reactions: with chlorine
-redox reaction -forms ionic compound (solid - due to high MP)
Group 2 reactions: with HCl
-redox reaction -fizzing/ effervescence (hydrogen released) -solid (reactant) disappears
Group 2 reactions: with water
-redox reaction -Mg insoluble / Ca sparingly soluble -Sr, Ba soluble
Group 2 reactions: with water, what are the products?
Metal Hydroxide + Hydrogen
Group 2 reactions: oxides with water/ acid
-acid-base reaction (water acts as acid, H+ donor)
3 uses of group 2 compounds
• agriculture (calcium hydroxide) • antacids (magnesium hydroxide or calcium hydrogen carbonate) • refractory bricks (calcium oxide)
Use of G2 compounds: agriculture
Calcium Hydroxide -neutralises acidic soils
Use of G2 compounds: antacids
Magnesium Hydroxide -treats acid reflux
Use of G2 compounds: Refractory bricks
Calcium Oxide (high charges and small ions = strong ionic bonding) -heat resistant bricks e.g. ovens, furnaces, kilns
Group 7: Fluorine colour (pure)
very-pale yellow
Group 7: Chlorine colour (pure)
pale green
Group 7: Bromine colour (pure)
brown
Group 7: Iodine colour (pure)
dark grey
Group 7: Chlorine colour (aq)
pale green
Group 7: Bromine colour (aq)
yellow orange
Group 7: Iodine colour (aq)
brown