Gene Expression
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What does DNA expression involve?
Gene expression involves the transcription and translation of DNA sequences.
Name the types of RNA that there are.
mRNA rRNA tRNA
Describe RNA
RNA is single stranded and is composed of nucleotides containing ribose sugar, phosphate and one of four bases: cytosine, guanine, adenine and uracil.
Give the function of mRNA
mRNA is transcribed from DNA in the nucleus and translated into proteins by ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
What is a triplet of bases on mRNA called?
A codon
What do codons insert?
One amino acid
Describe tRNA
Transfer RNA (tRNA) folds due to complementary base pairing. Each tRNA molecule carries its specific amino acid to the ribosome.
Name parts 1 and 2
Part 1 anti codon part 2 specific amino acid
Describe rRNA
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and proteins form the ribosome.
What is the function of rRNA?
RNA polymerase moves along DNA unwinding the double helix and breaking the hydrogen bonds between the bases. RNA polymerase synthesises a primary transcript of mRNA from RNA nucleotides by complementary base pairing.
What is the purpose of RNA splicing?
To form mature mRNA
What happens during splicing?
Introns of the primary transcript are noncoding regions and are removed.The exons are coding regions and are joined together to form the mature transcript.
Where does translation begin and end?
At a strart codon and a stop codon
Name the bond between amion acids
peptide bonds