Midterm
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What is cognitive science?
The interdisciplinary study about how the mind works
Describe cognitive science
Studying human behavior Studying the brains of animals Figuring out how to program robots to complete tasks
What problems are solved by the brain (H: 5 items)?
Sensation and Perception Cognition Communication Action Emotion
What is sensation and perception?
Internalizing the physical world
What are examples of cognition (H: 5 items)?
Understanding and Thinking Planning and Imagining Decision-Making and Problem-Solving Attention Learning and Memory
What are examples of communication (H: 4 items)?
Speech and Language Gestures and Facial Expression Body Language and Posture Gait
What are examples of action (H: 3 items)?
Manipulating the Environment Actively Exploring New Environments Navigating Known Environments
What are the human emotions (H: 6 items)?
Fear Happiness Sadness Anger Surprise Disgust
What are some capabilities that other organisms possess that humans don’t (H: 3 items)?
Rattlesnakes can detect infrared light Bats, porpoises, and some birds have echolocation Cows and some birds have magnetoreception
What are the disciplines of cognitive science (H: 4 items)?
Philosophy Psychology Neuroscience Computer Science, Engineering, Robotics
What is philosophy?
Reason-based approach to understanding the mind
What is psychology?
Study of the mind and behavior
What are some methods used in psychology (H: 3 items)?
Scientific: Empirical and Hypothesis Testing Cause-and-Effect: X -> Y Non-Scientific: Clinical, Analytical, and Introspective
What is neuroscience?
Study of the nervous system
What are some methods used in neuroscience (H: 4 items)?
Neuroanatomy: Structure of neurons and neural tracts Neurophysiology: Function of neurons Neuropsychology: Global functions of brain areas Neuroimaging: Imaging of the brain
How are computer science, engineering, and robotics involved in cognitive science?
You can build machines that stimulate functions of perception, cognition, communication, and action
How can you combine all disciplines?
When working through an experiment - Philosophy: Brainstorming - Psychology: Test performance, document, hypothesize, and retest - Neuroscience: Take it apart and see what’s important - Computer Science, Engineering, and Robotics: Try to build a model
What is reverse engineering?
You have a solution and want to understand the design
How is cognitive science a reverse engineering problem?
We have the brain and we want to know how it works
When was the first mention of the brain?
1700 BC
What civilization viewed the heart as the seat of the mind and intellect?
Egyptians
Who was the first to champion the brain as the seat of cognition in the body?
Alcemeaon
What is the Medieval Cell Doctrine?
The different functions of the brain are localized in the ventricles
What are the functions of the different cells in the MCD (H: 3 items)?
Cell 1: Lateral - Common Sense - Multimodality Cell 2: Middle - Reason and Thought Cell 3: Memory