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Vitamins and Nutrition

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Vitamins

Back (Answer)

Small molecules important as cofactors in many biological/enzymatic reactions

#2
Front (Question)

Deficiency

Back (Answer)

Due to either inadequate diet, inadequate GI absorption, competing organisms (e.g., parasites)

#3
Front (Question)

Insufficiency

Back (Answer)

Due to increased metabolism that mandates intake and absorption of greater than normal levels

#4
Front (Question)

Toxicity

Back (Answer)

Abnormally high intake that can lead to pathology (mostly leading to either hepatic or kidney damage)

#5
Front (Question)

Vitamin B1 other name and function

Back (Answer)

• Thiamine • Coenzyme for energy metabolism

#6
Front (Question)

Vitamin B2 other name and function

Back (Answer)

• Riboflavin • Precursor for coenzymes FMN or FAD, redox reactions

#7
Front (Question)

Vitamin B3 other name and function

Back (Answer)

• Niacin • Precursor to coenzyme NAD, dehydrogenase reactions

#8
Front (Question)

Vitamin B5 other name and function

Back (Answer)

• Pantothenic acid • Component of Coenzyme A

#9
Front (Question)

Vitamin B6 other name and function

Back (Answer)

• Pyridoxine • Aa metabolism and transport, heme synthesis

#10
Front (Question)

Vitamin B7 other name and function

Back (Answer)

• Biotin • Coenzyme for carboxyl unit transfer

#11
Front (Question)

Vitamin B12 other name and function

Back (Answer)

• Cyanocobalamin • Hematopoiesis, fatty acid metabolism

#12
Front (Question)

Folate/folic acid (vit B9) function

Back (Answer)

Coenzyme for one-carbon transfer reactions and aa metabolism

#13
Front (Question)

Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) function

Back (Answer)

• hydrogen ion transfer • redox reactions • aa metabolism • collagen synthesis

#14
Front (Question)

Vit A (retinol) function

Back (Answer)

• Vision • Cell differentiation • Growth • Reproduction • Immune system function

#15
Front (Question)

Vitamin D function

Back (Answer)

controls calcium and phosphate metabolism

#16
Front (Question)

Vitamin E function

Back (Answer)

• Antioxidant • Peroxide breakdown • Cellular integrity

#17
Front (Question)

Vitamin K function

Back (Answer)

Cofactor for post-translational carboxylation of many proteins and clotting factors. Give Vit K shots to newborns to aid clotting

#18
Front (Question)

Biochemically, vitamins are most easily studied within groups defined by ___

Back (Answer)

hydrophobicity

#19
Front (Question)

List fat-soluble vitamins

Back (Answer)

A, D, E, K

#20
Front (Question)

Water soluble-vitamins

Back (Answer)

Vit C B1, B3, riboflavin, B5, B6, B7, B12

#21
Front (Question)

Fat soluble vitamin solubility properties

Back (Answer)

• Dissolve in fat before bloodstream absorption • Process requires bile acids from the liver • Carried by lipoproteins

#22
Front (Question)

Vit E carried by which lipoprotein?

Back (Answer)

LDL

#23
Front (Question)

Fat soluble vitamins mainly stored where? Where do they go if not stored?

Back (Answer)

• Intestines, liver, and fatty tissues • Greater risk of toxicity due to storage • Excreted in feces if not stored

#24
Front (Question)

Water soluble vitamin storage and elimination

Back (Answer)

• Not stored in body, so less chance of toxicity • Regularly eliminated in urine and feces • Constant re-supply needed