Chapter 6 - States of Consciousness
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______ is our moment to moment awareness of ourselves and our environment, its subjective and private, dynamic, self-reflective and central to our sense of self
consciousness
sigmund freud proposed that we have three levels of of awareness, name and explain them
Conscious- thoughts, perceptions Preconscious- not currently available but could be (memories) Subconscious- Inaccessible, unacceptable urges and desires that may leak out
_______ psychologists reject notion of an unconscious mind driven by instinctive urges and repressed conflicts
cognitive
cognitive psychologists view the conscious and unconscious mental life as __________ forms of _________ processing
complimentary forms of information processing
How do psychologist measure states of consciousness
self reports and behavioral measures
what are self reports
eople are able to describe their inner experiences and is the most direct insight into a persons subjective experiences
what are behavioral measures
behavioral measures are objective but still infer the person’s state of mind
compare controlled vs automatic processing
controlled - the voluntary use of attention and conscious effort (studying, planning etc.) automatic - performed with little or no conscious effort (driving, etc)
eastyn is driving her car, she looks down at her phone and multitasks between texting mireille and driving what types of attention is this?
divided attention • ability to perform more than one activity at the same time
when is divided attention more difficult
when the two tasks being performed require similar mental resources (eg. both motor tasks)
can you rub your belly and pat your head? this is difficult for some, why?
because you’re using divided attention and they are both motor tasks, making it difficult
Can non-conscious processes influence emotional responses
yes For example: being in a good or bad mood but not sure why you feel that way.
The inability to visually recognize objects is known as visual ________
agnosia
eastyn can see an object but is unable to recognize or interpret the visual information due to a disorder in her parietal lobe what condition does she likely suffer from
visual agnosia
______ is the ability to respond to visual information (by guessing but they are usually 80-100% right most of the time) without consciously seeing it.
blindsight
our subjective experience of “unitary” consciousness arises from the _________ output of various modules in the brain
integrated
the ______ _______ is a daily biological clock or cycle that every 24 hours our body temperature, certain hormonal secretions and other bodily functions undergo a rhythmic change that affects our mental alertness and readies our body for sleep and when to wake up
circadian rhythm
what regulates the circadian rhythm and where is it located
regulated by the brains suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN), which are located in the hypothalamus
SCN neutrons become active during the day time and _______ the pineal gland’s secretion of melatonin, raising your body temperature and heightening your alertness. At night SCN neutrons are inactive allowing melatonin levels to _______ and promoting relaxation and sleepiness.
reduce the pineal gland’s secretion of melatonin, At night SCN neutrons are inactive allowing melatonin levels to increase
the _______ gland produces melatonin
peneal
____________ is a hormone that has relaxing effects on the body and promotes sleepiness
melatonin
without day/night cycle cues your body would drift into a longer 24.2-24.8 hour clock creating a __________ circadian rhythm
freerunning circadian rhythm
The cyclic tendency to become psychologically depressed during certain times of the year (fall/winter) is referred to as _______ _______ disorder
seasonal affective disorder
EEG’s are used to show your brains electrical activity in a pattern of _____ waves when you are awake with your eyes open,
beta waves