Quiz #7
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What are the three types of human inheritance?
Single gene, single gene with multiple alleles, and polygenic
Single gene
You either have it or you don’t
Single gene with multiple alleles
Multiple distinct forms but not infinite possibilities
Polygenic
Many unlimited forms on a continuum
Do males or females determine sex and why?
Males because they give the Y chromosome
Sex-linked genes
Genes on either the X or Y chromosome
Males are more likely to have sex-linked traits because
They have only 1 X chromosome and can’t cover a recessive allele. Males also can’t be carriers of a trait
Females are less likely to have sex-linked traits because
Can carry a recessive allele and still not show the trait
How do you tell the difference between a sex-linked pedigree and a regular recessive one?
In sex-linked pedigrees, a female carrier can birth a male with the full trait without the father carrying the trait. Also, males can’t be carriers in sex-linked pedigrees
What is a pedigree?
A chart that tracks a trait
Tay-Sachs
Recessive condition causing fatty buildup in brain
Cystic fibrosis
Recessive condition causing mucus buildup
Hemophilia
Sex-linked recessive condition causing there to be missing clotting factors in blood
Sickle cell
Codominant condition causing abnormal hemoglobin changes to a red blood cell, making them sickled
Down syndrome
Mutation where chromosomes don’t separate properly during meiosis resulting in a third 21st chromosome
Karyotype
Picture of chromosomes
Biotechnology
Technology based on living systems and organisms
Selective breeding
Choosing organisms with the desired trait so that offspring will have the same trait
Genetic engineering
Genes are changed/transformed, concerns are the new problems might be worse and humans might begin to depend on only 1 type of seed