APES Chapter 7 Global Water Resources And Use
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Groundwater is stored in A) porous rocks B) snow C) glaciers D) aquifers E) all the above
E Groundwater is stored in a variety of reservoirs for different amounts of time
The layer closest to the surface, where spaces between soil particles are filled w both air and water, is called the zone of A) aeration B) hydration C) precipitation D) consolidation E) acclimation
A It’s zone, closest to the surface, contains gaps between soil particles filled with air or water
Infiltration takes place when A) streams overflow their banks B) plants use water during photosynthesis C) deserts get drier and drier D) rainfall soaks into the ground E) snow melts
D Infiltration occurs when water molecules fill openings between soil particles
When water changes from liquid to a gas or vapor, the process is called A) aeration B) conservation C) precipitation D) withdrawal E) evaporation
E Water goes from liquid to the gaseous or vapor phase in evaporation
The study of occurrence, distribution, and movement of water on, in, and above the surface of the earth is called A) microbiology B) ecology C) hydrology D) botany E) aquaculture
C The prefix hydro means water; -logy means study of
A place where water is stored for some period of time ( e.g atmosphere, ocean, or underground) is called a A) dam B) stream C) lock D) reservoir E) diversion
D A reservoir holds collected water in its different forms: solid, liquid and gas
The oceans hold approximately what percent of the earth's ? A) 45% B) 62% C) 75% D) 80% E) 97%
E Nearly all 97% of earth total water is held in its ocean
Aquifers that form a water table separating unsaturated and saturated zones are called A) unconfined aquifers B) confines aquifers C) lakes D) closed aquifers E) saturated aquifers
A Aquifers from a water table; those separated into unsaturated/saturated zones are called unconfined aquifers since they flow right into the saturated zone
The water found in subterranean spaces, cracks, and open pore spaces of minerals is called A) watershed B) groundwater C) snow melt D) runoff E) evapotranspiration
B Groundwater is defined as water found below the land’s surface
Rainfall or snow melt that has not had time to evaporate, transpire, or move into groundwater is known as A) transpiration B) an aquifer C) consumption D) runoff E) conservation
D Water, affected by surface conditions and flow rate, needs time to evaporate or sink into the ground or it just runs off the land
All the following are important water conservation methods except A) better farming techniques B) oscillating sprinkler systems C) dry cooling systems D) preventable runoff E) irrigation canals
B Oscillating sprinkler systems, which lose lots of water to evaporation, are not different
The area at the surface or below ground that supplies water to an aquifer and/or most of the watershed or drainage basin is called A) an aquifer B) an unconsolidated aquifer C) a drainage zone D) an aquifer recharge zone E) a surface discharge
D When water enters an aquifer, it is said to recharge
The amount of open space in the soil is called A) crystal structure B) sedimentation C) soil porosity D) granite E) soil salinity
C Loosely packed soils have lots of openings or pores between mineral grains. How tightly minerals are packed is known as porosity.
Under surface soil, where all the open spaces have become filled with water, lies the zone of A) sedimentation B) saturation C) equalization D) salination E) diffusion C)
B A material is saturated when no water or other substance can fill the open spaces
Pesticide and fertilizer use on crops affects water purity when A) evaporation is increased by heat B) it is used sparingly C) there is too little rainfall D) it is used in proper amounts E) runoff joins with surface and/or groundwater
E Excess pesticides run off the land and may end up in streams or groundwater
The depletion of water from aquifers faster than they can naturally be refilled is called A) aquifer saturation B) groundwater mining C) flooding D) runoff E) the water table
B Extracting water before it can be replenished parallels the extraction of metals and mineral resources in mining
The amount of withdrawn water lost in transport, evaporation, absorption chemical change,mor otherwise unavailable as a result of human use is known as A) withdrawal B) conservation C) consumption D) discharge E) runoff
C When water withdrawal exceeds local supply, it is consumed or unusable for an extended time
When water is blocked by a low-permeability material below the aquifer, it is known as A) an unconfined aquifer B) a perched water table C) a watershed D) a zone of aeration E) a diverted stream
B When a small, perched aquifer is disconnected from a larger aquifer below it, it is separated by an unsaturated zone and a second, lower water tale.