Mutation U1
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (13)
What is a mutation
a change in structure or composition of an organisms genome; either no protein or an altered protein produced
The three types of single gene mutation
Insertion Deletion Substitution
What do insertion and deletion cause
a nucleotide is (added or removed) to/from the sequence, causing all amino acids to change after the point of mutation
what if frame shift
the result of insertion and deletion, all the amino acids after the point of mutation change due to all the codons changing. major effect on structure of the protein
three types of substitution
Missense Nonsense Splice site
Missense
one amino acid being changed for another, can result in non functional protein or have little effect
Nonsense
premature stop codon, shorter protein
Splice site
introns being retained and/or exons being excluded in the mature transcript
the four chromosome structure mutations
Deletion Duplication Inversion Translocation MORE LETHAL THAN SINGLE GENE MUTATIONS
Deletion
a section of a chromosome is removed
Duplication
a section of chromosome is added from its homologous partner
Translocation
a section of a chromosome is added to a chromosome which is not it’s homologous partner
Inversion
a section of a chromosome is reversed