Alcohols - 4
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What is the general formula of an alcohol
CnH2n+1OH
What kind of intermolecular force do alcohols have and why?
Hydrogen bonding Due to the difference in electronegativity in the OH bond
What is a primary alcohol
the C bonded to OH is only bonded to one other C atom
What is a secondary alcohol
C bonded to OH is bonded to two other C atoms
What makes a tertiary alcohol
C bonded to OH is bonded to three other C atoms
What forms if you partially oxidise a primary alcohol
An aldehyde
What conditions are needed to partially oxidise a primary alcohol
Dilute sulphuric acid Acidified potassium dichromate Distillation under gentle heat
What is the equation for the partial oxidation of an alcohol
Alcohol + [0] —-> Aldehyde + H20
What forms if you fully oxidise a primary alcohol
A carboxylic acid
What conditions are needed to fully oxidise a primary
[H2SO4] Acidified potassium dichromate Reflux under strong heat
What is the equation for the full oxidation of a primary alcohol
Alcohol + 2[O] —> Carboxylic acid + H20
What forms if you oxidise a secondary alcohol
A ketone
What conditions are needed for the oxidation of a secondary alcohol
[H2SO4] Acidified potassium dichromate Reflux under strong heat
Write the equation for the oxidation of a secondary alcohol
Alcohol + [O] –> Ketone + H2O
What are the conditions needed for a dehydration reaction
[Acid] 170 degree c