Neuropain and histology and Degeneration and Recovery of Function FINISH- E2
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What are the steps of an AP release at a synapse
• AP arrives @ presynaptic terminal • Mem depol, opens VGCa++C • Influx Ca++ causes mvmt synaptic vesicles containing NT toward release site • Synaptic vesicles fuse w/mem and release NT • NT diffuses across cleft • NT binds to postsynaptic receptors
List the 3 types of synapses
Axodendritic Axosomatic Axoasonic
What is an axodendritic synapse
b/t axon pre and dendrite of post synaptic
What is an axosomatic synapse
b/t axon pre and cell body post synaptic
What is an axoaxonic synapse
b/t axon pre and axon post synaptic
Which synapses generate a local postsynaptic potential?
Neuromuscular Axosomatic Axodendritic
Which synapses modulate the membrane potential of a postsynaptic cell
Axoaxonic
How do axoaxonic neurons regulate NT release?
They change the amount of Ca++ influx to the presynaptic neurons
What are the steps of presynaptic inhibition
• IN release NT • NT bind to presynaptic neuron, reduce Ca++ influx • Presynaptic neuron releases less NT when an AP arrives at its terminal
What are the steps of presynaptic facilitation
• IN releases NT • NT bind to presynaptic neuron, increase Ca++ influx • Presynaptic neuron releases more NT when an AP potential arrives
Define nociception
the neural process of encoding noxious stimuli
What are nociceptors?
“free” peripheral nerve endings consisting of a series of spindle-shaped, thick segments linked by thin segments, creating a “string-of-beads” appearance
Where can you find nociceptors?
• skin • muscles • joints • viscera • mouth, dental • almost all types of tissues
How do you activate a nociceptor
• Intense thermal, mechanical, or chemical stimuli from exogenous or endogenous sources
T or F: Nociceptors are unimodal
False - polymodal
What nerve cells are part of the double pain sensation
A delta neurons and C fiber neurons
What kind of pain with… a) A delta B) C fiber
A) Initial, sharp, localized pain B) Diffuse, prolonged, aching, dull pain
What % of pain-transmitting fibers are…. a) A delta b) C fiber
a) 80 b) 20
What kind of neurons are A delta and C fibers?
Unipolar neurons w/cell bodies in DRG
Which has a faster nerve conduction velocity? (A delta or C fibers)
A delta (30m/s) not C fibers (1-4 m/s)
Which fiber type (nerve) has associated autonomic responses
C fibers
Which lamina of the SC do you find A delta and C fibers
Lamina I, II and V
What do C and A delta neurons synapse on?
Transmission cells (T cells) in the substantia gelatinosa of the SC
How does the gate control mechanism of pain work
A-beta fibers synapse on the inhibitory interneuron to block out the synapse of the a-delta and c fibers