4. Motion
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What is kinematics?
Study of motion without considering the forces that cause the motion. It focuses on concepts like position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
What is constant velocity?
An object is moving at a steady speed in a single direction. When an object’s velocity is constant, its acceleration is zero.
What’s the fundamental equation for constant velocity and what do they all mean?
xf=xi+vt ● xf is the final position. ● xi is the initial position. ● v is the constant velocity. ● t is the time elapsed
What’s constant acceleration?
An object’s velocity changes by the same amount in each equal time interval.
The key kinematic equations for constant acceleration are:
• vf=vi+at • Δx = (vi+vf)t)/2 ● vf is the final velocity. ● vi is the initial velocity. ● a is the constant acceleration. ● Δx is the displacement. ● t is the time
How do we find displacement during acceleration?
Distance = Average Speed × Time = (vi + vf/2) t
What’s freefall?
A special case of constant acceleration where an object’s motion is solely influenced by gravity, with air resistance considered negligible.
A ____ provides a visual representation of an object’s position over time. The ___ represents the object’s ____.
-position-time graph -slope of the line on a position-time graph; velocity
What does a no motion graph look like?
A straight, horizontal line indicates that the object’s position is not changing. The slope is zero, which means the velocity is zero.
What does a constant velocity graph look like?
A straight, sloped line signifies constant velocity. The constant slope indicates a steady velocity. A steeper slope means a greater speed.
What does a constant acceleration graph look like?
A curved line indicates changing velocity, which means the object is accelerating. The slope of the line is not constant; it is getting steeper (speeding up) or less steep (slowing down).
How do we get slope?
rise/run= m = y=(m)x+b
What’s displacement?
The change in position of an object. = xf-xi
The shortest length between two points located on the same plane is
distance
What’s acceleration defined as?
The measure of how much the speed changes during a certain period of time.