Ecological Terms and Concepts

the study of how organisms interact with one another and their environment

A group of organisms sharing similar characteristics and having the capability to interbreed to produce fertile offspring

A group of organisms of a particular species occupying the same geographical location at a particular time

A group of organisms of different species occupying the same geographical location at a particular time

A dynamic complex of organisms and their abiotic environment interacting as a functional unit.

A specialized and large geographical area that has a distinct climate and soil conditions. as well as its own biological community, which is now adapted to its region

A transition zone between two neighboring ecosystems containing organisms from both adjacent ecosystems, as well as unique organisms. Has a higher species/population diversity than adjoining ecosystems.

A thin layer of gas that surrounds the earth, held by earth’s gravitational force.

All water on or surrounding earth

The outer solid layer of earth comprising mainly of soil and rocks, including the continental and oceanic crust. (includes pats of the upper mantle)

All land masses and water bodies on or around the earth

The parts of earth that support life, including the lower atmosphere and lithosphere

The physical location in which an organism is found

The functional role a species plays in its community

the minimum and maximum levels beyond which a particular species cannot survive.

Environmental conditions or resources that restricts the ecological niche of a species when it’s scarce or at unfavourable levels.

The potential idealised niche in the absence of predators

The actual niche in the presence of predators and competition (smaller and restricted)