Rock Cycle vocab

A rock that is formed from melted rock. This rock can either be formed through magma in a volcano or lava that is erupted from a volcano, which cools and then turns into rock.

Intrusive rocks form when magma cools below the surface. Extrusive rocks form when magma cools and crystallizes above the surface.

Magma is molten rock that is formed underneath the earth, especially in volcanos.

Unlike Magma, lava is erupted molten rock from a volcano or any other opening on an Earth’s surface.

Are rocks formed from tiny pieces of other rocks, minerals, plants, or animal remains, resulting in sediments.

Make up sedimentary rock. Tiny bits of sediment rocks that get carried away by wind and water, then settle at the bottoms of water sources/bodies of water.

Are formed when other rocks, such as igneous and sedimentary and are affected by great temperature and pressures, these rocks do not melt.

Are formed when other rocks, such as igneous and sedimentary and are affected by great temperature and pressures, these rocks do not melt.

natural forces MOVE tiny bits of rock and soil, however erosion essentially picks up these pieces.

nature DROPS off pieces of rock and soil in a new place instead of keeping them.

Compaction is the physical squeezing of sediments together by the weight of overlying layers, reducing pore space.

Lithification is the overall process of turning loose sediment into solid rock, which is achieved through the combined processes of compaction and cementation.

is the chemical process where dissolved minerals crystallize in the pore spaces and bind the sediment grains together like a glue.

When solid rock turns into hot, liquid magma.

It’s when molecules arrange themselves in a repeating organized pattern, forming solid crystals. It’s almost like building with legos.

Below: When magma cools below the surface, intrusive rocks such as granite and diorite will form. Above: When magma cools and crystallizes above the surface, extrusive igneous rocks such as basalt or obsidian will form.

It’s when a rock gets so hot and squeezed so tight that tiny minerals arrange themselves to form new bigger crystals.