CALCIUM, PHOSPHATE, LACTATE, ANION GAP
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● Fifth most common element ● Most prevalent cation in the human body
Calcium
what is the clotting factor of calcium
clot factor 4
what is the enzyme in calcium
amylase
what part has the largest total number of calcium
bone
anions in calcium
citrate bicarbonate lactate
protein in calcium
albumin
physiologically active form of calcium
free calcium
specimens to be used in total calcium determination
Serum Lithium heparin plasma
why should we not use the EDTA, oxalate, or citrate in total calcium determination
falsely low result
why must samples must be collected anaerobically, transported on ice, and stored at 4 degrees Celsius
to prevent loss of carbon dioxide
sample to be used for ionized calcium determination:
Heparinized plasma
Do not use heparin in liquid form. Why?
falsely low
reference method of calcium
atomic absorption spectrophotometry
what sample to be used in urine calcium determination
24-hour urine sample acidified with 6mol/L hydrochloric acid
how much acid is added for each 100mL urine
1mL
current method of calcium
ion selective electrode
dye binding methods
Ortho-cresolphthalein Complexone Method Arsenazo III Dye Method
calcium will bind to ,,, to form a ,,, color in ,,, solution, which is measured at near (absorbance)
ortho-cresolphthalein complexone red alkaline 580nm
AIIIDM: calcium will bind to ,,, to form a ,,, measured at (absorbance)
Arsenazo III calcium-indicator complex 650nm
what method is when you add a chelating agent that binds in the calcium to change in color results
ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid titration
what certain dye solutions have a characteristic color in the presence of ionized calcium.
cal–red calcein ammonium purate Eriochrome Black T
what method? calcium is first precipitated as calcium oxalate, converted to oxalic acid with sulfuric acid, and then measured by titration against potassium permanganate
Clark-Collip Precipitation method
what is the first precipitated product of CCPM in calcium
calcium oxalate
calcium oxalate reacts to sulfuric acid and it is converted into
oxalic acid