Protein Synthesis- TRANSCRIPTION
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What is protein synthesis?
Is a process for cells to make proteins. Requires 2 stages: Transcription and Translation
What is a human Genome?
The collection of all genes from the 46 chromosomes
What is a proteome?
All of the proteins produced by an organism
What is Step 1 of Transcription?
RNA polymerase ‘unzips’ the double stranded DNA by breaking the hydrogen bonds between nitrogenous bases
What is step 2 of Transcription?
The template DNA strand is then copied by RNA polymerase, which starts creating a complementary mRNA (messenger ribonucleic acid) strand.
What is step 3 of Transcription?
Once the gene has been copied onto the complementary mRNA strand, the DNA zips back up.
What is step 4 of Translation?
The mRNA strand then detaches itself and leaves the nucleus.
Compare DNA and RNA
DNA: Double stranded A, C, G +Thymine P-S-Base= Deoxyribose sugar Function: Contains the genetic code for all the proteins (traits) in an organisms RNA: Single stranded A, C, G +Uracil P-S-Base= Rhibos sugar Functions: 1. mRNA- formed in the nucleus and carries a copy of DNA code to a rhibosome. 2. tRNA- is in a cytoplasm and carries amino acids to the rhibosome.