Quiz 1
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Neuroscience is the multidisciplinary study of the ___ and its role in behavior
Nervous system
Psychologist used the term behavior to refer to:
Overt acts, learning, thinking, emotions
Dualistic view of the mind-brain problem
Mind and brain are separate. The body is material and the brain is non-material. Mind influence behavior by interacting with brain
If you say you are a materialist, you are saying that you believe
The mind and everything else are physical
according to Descartes’ model, the brain controlled behavior by
The brain sends an animal spirit fluid through nerves and inflates muscles to produce movement
Which of the following statements about the case of Phineas Gage is true?
Iron rod through skull and frontal lobe. No impairment of Intelligence, Memory, speech, or movement. Became irresponsible And unable to abide by social conventions=> localization
Which researchers explored the electrical properties of the nervous system?
Gustav Fritsch, Edward Hitzig, Luigi Galvani
After observing an autopsy of the brain of a man who had an inability to speak, Paul Brocka concluded that speech
is produced on left side of frontal lobe in Broca’s Area
___Refers to the idea that specific brain areas control specific functions
Localization
___ was a theory developed at the end of the 18th century by Frans Gall. It claimed that the brain was divided into different “organs,” and each one controlled a specific “faculty” of emotion or intellect.
Phrenology
Karl Lashley develop the idea of___, an extreme theory that claimed that the brain functions as an undifferentiated whole and no specific function is located in any specific area of the brain.
Equipotentiality
Modern brain research shows that functions or characteristics are
Just as much distributed as they are localized. Behavior results from the interaction of many widespread areas of the brain
Different versions of a gene are called
alleles
The specific collection of jeans on individual inheritance at conception are called a
genotype
When a person has two identical alleles of the same gene, they are___ for that trait
homozygous
Most behavioral characteristics and psychological disorders are determined by a combination of many genes. Because of this, and they are considered
polygenetic
Genes do not directly produced behavior or create a “script” for behaving in certain ways. Instead, genes directly control the production of___, which affect the development of brain structures, the production of neurotransmitters and receptors, and the functioning of glands and hormones.
Proteins
As far as we know, the only humans who share the same genotype are
identical twins
The theory of___ claims that heritable characteristics that provide a survival or reproductive advantage are more likely to be passed on to future generations.
natural selection
Which statement about the vulnerability model is true?
vulnerability= genes contribute a predisposition for a disorder, which may or may not exceed threshold to produce disorder. Environmental challenges (neglect) may combine with hereditary susceptibility to exceed threshold