1st exam notes

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Back (Answer)

Thomas Jefferson

Front (Question)

Who said “man is endowed by His creator?”

Back (Answer)

John Locke

Front (Question)

What is the 1st written constitution?

Back (Answer)

Articles of Confederation

Front (Question)

Which amendment provided a route for newly emancipated blacks to go after states?

Back (Answer)

Amendment 14

Front (Question)

What is in Amendment 14?

Back (Answer)

• Due process clause (fundamental fairness) • Equal protection • Privileges and immunities

Front (Question)

Jim Crow laws

Back (Answer)

Separated out the races; segregated facilities, etc.

Front (Question)

Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) importance

Back (Answer)

Established separate but equal; Ferguson won because he argued that the separation was to keep public peace; it was rational

Front (Question)

Rational scrutiny

Back (Answer)

Test used by the court when they are looking at the constitutionality of laws; must be deemed rational

Front (Question)

Sweatt v. Painter (1950) importance

Back (Answer)

For the first time, the SC upheld the equality portion of the separate but equal doctrine

#10

Front (Question)

Stare decisis

Back (Answer)

Latin for “let the decision stand”; precedent case guides other cases

#11

Front (Question)

Thurgood Marshall

Back (Answer)

Represented Sweatt; head of NAACP; 1st black associate justice

#12

Front (Question)

Brown v. Board of Education (1954) importance

Back (Answer)

Desegregated public schools because segregation itself is unequal ; SC abandoned stare decisis (Plessy v. Ferguson)

#13

Front (Question)

Swann v. CMISD (1971)

Back (Answer)

1st time SC approved busing to encourage desegregation

#14

Front (Question)

What does the Articles of Confederation focus on?

Back (Answer)

State sovereignty

#15

Front (Question)

Confederacy

Back (Answer)

Loose alliance of states; power rests on states

#16

Front (Question)

4 major problems of A.o.C

Back (Answer)

Currency, taxation, foreign policy and infrastructure

#17

Front (Question)

What do federalists want?

Back (Answer)

Stronger national government, take power away from states

#18

Front (Question)

What do antifederalists want?

Back (Answer)

States rights

#19

Front (Question)

When was the constitution ratified?

Back (Answer)

1789

#20

Front (Question)

3 branches of government

Back (Answer)

Legislative, executive, and judicial

#21

Front (Question)

4 features of the constitution

Back (Answer)

• Preamble • Ideological statement and belief and values • Power map (article 1, 2, 3 = leg, ex, jud) • Bill of rights and article 4 = amendatory article

#22

Front (Question)

What resulted from the case Marbury v. Madison?

Back (Answer)

Established the power of judicial review

#23

Front (Question)

Judiciary act of 1789

Back (Answer)

Created the basic backbone structure of one of the lower federal court systems

#24

Front (Question)

Jurisdiction

Back (Answer)

Ability of a court to hear a certain case