ATP
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what does ATP stand for?
adenosine triphosphate
what is ATP and its function?
ATP is a nucleotide ATP is the cells usable source of energy
What does ATP contain?
Adenine Ribose 3 phosphate groups
what does ADP stand for?
adenosine diphosphate
what does ADP contain?
Adenine Ribose 2 phosphate groups
where is energy in a cell from?
stored in the bonds of lipid and carbohydrates which is released when the bonds are broken
what happens when the cell has energy available?
it can store this by adding a phosphate group to ADP to produce ATP
how is ATP converted into ADP?
converted by breaking the bond between the second and third phosphate groups
what happens when you convert ATP into ADP?
releases energy for cellular processes when bond is broken
what is the reaction when ATP is converted to ADP?
ATP molecule is hydrolysed into ADP and an inorganic phosphate
what is the enzyme that catalyses the hydrolyses of ATP into ADP?
ATPase
how much energy does every mole of ATP hydrolysed release?
30.6 KJ
what is a reaction that releases energy called?
exergonic
what is the opposite reaction of an exergonic reaction?
endergonic reaction
what is the reaction called when ADP combines with a phosphate group to form ATP?
condensation endergonic reaction
how much energy is needed to synthesis one mole of ATP?
30.6 KJ
what is the addition of a phosphate to ADP called?
phosphorylation
why is ATP the perfect energy currency for the cell compared to glucose?
only require one enzyme involves one single step that immediately releases energy ATP releases energy in small amounts when and where it is needed
why is glucose energy not as efficient as ATP energy?
many enzymes are needed involves many steps and takes longer to release energy glucose releases energy in large amounts all at once
what cellular activities does ATP provide energy for?
active transport metabolic processes movement nerve transmission secretion