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10. Enzymes

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

#1
Front (Question)

Compounds, usually organic in nature, required by some enzymes before they will catalyze reactions

Back (Answer)

Coenzyme

#2
Front (Question)

A non-protein molecule, organic or inorganic that may be needed for enzyme function Are ions that induce the necessary configuration for proper binding to the substrate

Back (Answer)

Cofactor

#3
Front (Question)

3 defining characteristics of enzymes

Back (Answer)

• Not consumed or permanently altered during the rxn • Only small amounts required b/c re-used • Accelerate speed at which a chemical rxn reaches equilibrium, but doesn’t alter equilibrium constant

#4
Front (Question)

What is an isoenzyme

Back (Answer)

Enzymes that catalyze the same rxn but have different structural and biochemical properties

#5
Front (Question)

2 of the most common isoenzymes

Back (Answer)

• Creatine kinase (CK) - Lactate dehydrogenase (LD)

#6
Front (Question)

An organic cofactor bound tightly (covalently and permanently) to the apoenzyme

Back (Answer)

Prosthetic group

#7
Front (Question)

What is an apoenzyme

Back (Answer)

Heat-labile protein of the enzyme which requires a coenzyme for full catalytic activity

#8
Front (Question)

Class of enzyme: Transfer of functional groups (other than hydrogen) between 2 substrates

Back (Answer)

Transferases

#9
Front (Question)

Class of enzymes: Oxidation-reduction between 2 substrates

Back (Answer)

Oxidoreductases

#10
Front (Question)

These catalyze the hydrolytic (addition of water) cleavage of compounds

Back (Answer)

Hydrolases

#11
Front (Question)

Removal of groups from substrates without hydrolysis, to form double bonds

Back (Answer)

Lyases

#12
Front (Question)

Joining of 2 molecules coupled with hydrolysis of a pyrophosphate bond in ATP

Back (Answer)

Ligases

#13
Front (Question)

Define catalyst

Back (Answer)

A substance that accelerates the rate of a chemical rxn without becoming modified itself

#14
Front (Question)

Inorganic cofactors include metallic and non-metallic ions May be essential for reaction or may just enhance the reaction rate

Back (Answer)

Activators

#15
Front (Question)

AKA complex enzyme (apoenzyme and cofactor/coenzyme)

Back (Answer)

Holoenzyme

#16
Front (Question)

Example of a hydrolase

Back (Answer)

Amylase

#17
Front (Question)

What enzyme classification is LD

Back (Answer)

Oxidoreductase

#18
Front (Question)

What is an International Unit

Back (Answer)

Amount of enzyme that will catalyze the reaction of 1 umol of substrate per minute

#19
Front (Question)

In a rxn catalyzed by an enzyme, the enzyme binds to the ______ state better than the _______ state

Back (Answer)

TRANSITION state better than the GROUND state

#20
Front (Question)

Temperature equilibration and mixing of reagents occur in this phase

Back (Answer)

Lag phase

#21
Front (Question)

Which order kinetics • Increasing rate of rxn • Changing rate of rxn

Back (Answer)

First order kinetics

#22
Front (Question)

Reaction rate is constant with time

Back (Answer)

Zero order phase

#23
Front (Question)

3 factors affecting enzyme levels in plasma or serum

Back (Answer)

• leakge of enzymes from cells • damage to cell membrane • clearance of enzymes

#24
Front (Question)

Competitive inhibition Km, Vmax

Back (Answer)

Km INCREASE Vmax no change