2C - Inorganic Chemistry (g) Acids, bases and salt preparations
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How would you prepare a pure, dry sample of a soluble salt, starting from an acid and an alkali? E.g. What would the steps be for preparing pure dry crystals of sodium chloride (NaCl) from HCl and Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH)? (5 steps)
Using the Titration Method Example: 1. Add 25cm³ of the alkali (NaOH) into a conical flask using a pipette. 2. Add Phenolphthalein indicator, which goes pink in alkaline solutions (pH 10-14) 3. Using titration values (from the 1st rough titration), titre the known volume of acid (HCl) into the conical flask, until it permanently stays pink. 4. Heat the solution until the water evaporates and crystals of the salt remain. 5. Dry in a dessicator/oven.
How would you form a pure, dry sample of an insoluble salt, starting from two soluble reactants? E.g. Preparing pure dry crystals of silver chloride (AgCl) from silver nitrate solution (AgNO3) and potassium chloride solution (KCl)? (5 steps)
Using a precipitation reaction. Example: 1. Mix the two aqueous solutions together in a beaker 2. Stir the mixture, to speed up the reaction (one precipitate will form - can be found using solubility rules) 3 Filter it, to remove the precipitate 4. Wash it, to remove traces of solution 5. Dry it in a dessicator/oven.