Rates of Reaction
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
卡片预览 (10 张)
Which equations can be used to measure rate of reaction?
• Reactant used/Time • Product formed/Time Rate of reaction can be measured in g/s
What are the factors that affect rate of reaction?
• Surface area of solid • Concentration of solution • Temperature • Presence of catalyst • Pressure of a gas
How do you measure the effect of surface area on rate of reaction?
• Put chips of calcium carbonate in a solution of hydrochloric acid within a conical flask • Measure the gas produced by measuring the displacement of water in a connected, sealed meauring cylinder • Repeat for different surface areas to see the change in rate of gas produced
How do you measure the effect of concentration on rate of reaction?
• Add acid to a solution of sodium thiosulfate above a sheet of paper with a cross • Measure the amount of time it takes for the cross to become invisible due to the solution becoming opaque • Repeat with different concentrations of sodium thiosulphate to see the change in time taken for the cross to disaappear
How do you measure the effect of temperature on rates of reaction?
• Heat a conical flask of hydrochloric acid to a specific temperature using a water bath • Add a strip of magnesium, and measure the time it takes for it to fully dissolve • Repeat with different temperatures to see the change in time taken for the magnesium to dissolve
How do you measure the effect of a catalyst on rates of reaction?
Do the experiment for measuring rate of reaction on surface area but add a chosen catalyst and repeat without the catalyst
What effect does temperature have on rate of reaction and why? (Using collision theory)
• As temperature increases, the rate of reaction increases • This is because particles will have more kinetic energy which increases their speed, so increases the number of successful collisions per second • The increase in kinetic energy also increases the frequency of collisions happening where the particles have sufficient activation energy
What effect does surface area of a solid have on rate of reaction and why? (Using collision theory)
• As surface area of solid increases, the rate of reaction increases • This is because the particles will be more exposed to other reactant particles, so more successful collisions will happen per second
What effect does concentration of a solution/ pressure of gas have on rate of reaction and why? (Using collision theory)
• As concentration of a solution/pressure of gas increases, the rate of reaction increases • This is because a higher concentration will mean more particles in a given volume, which means there will be more successful collisions per second between particles
What effect does the presence of a catalyst have on rate of reaction and why?
• If a catalyst is present, the rate of reaction is increased • This is because the catalyst lowers the activation energy of a reaction by providing an alternate reaction pathway which requires less energy, so more collisions where both particles have sufficient activation energy occur • A catalyst does not get used up or changed • Activation energy is the initial energy required to break the bonds of the reactants