Secularism
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What are the three main examples of inter-religious domination?
• More than 2700 Sikhs killed in Delhi and other parts of the country. • Thousands of Hindu Kashmiri Pandit is forced to leave their homes in Kashmir Valley. • More than 1000 Muslim killed during post-Godhra riots
When were the post Godhra riots?
2022 Gujarat
In the examples above of sikhs , Hindus and Muslims what is observed?
The basic freedom of a set of citizens is denied
What reflects inter-religious domination?
When the members of one community are TARGETED and VICTIMISED on account of their religious identity
Give examples of inter-religious domination in Hinduism
• Dalits have been barred from entering temples. • In some parts of the country, women cannot enter Hindu temples.
Many religions fragment into sects what does this lead to?
Sectarian violence, and persecution of minorities
So in simple terms, what is a secular society?
One free from inter-religious or intra religious domination. A secular society promotes freedom and equality WITHIN and BETWEEN religions
What is the number one step to prevent domination by any other religious group in a state?
A state must not be run by heads of any particular religion
When a state is run by heads of particular religion, what is it called?
Theocratic
What do theocratic states lack?
The lack separation between religious and political institutions
What are theocratic states known for?
• Their hierarchies. • Oppressions. • Reluctance to allow freedom of religion to members of other religious groups
Many non-theocratic states also have close alliance with particular region. Give two examples of this.
• In 16th century, England was not a theocratic state, but it clearly favoured Anglican church. Anglican religion was even the official religion. • In Pakistan, the official religion is Sunni Islam.
What is the number two point of a state to prevent domination by any religious group?
A state must not only refuse to be theocratic, but also have no formal, legal alliance with any religion.
What does the western model of secularism follow?
Mutual exclusion
what does mutual exclusion say?
State will not intervene in affairs of religion and religion will not interfere in affairs of state
State and religion, both have ________
Independent jurisdiction
A state cannot aid any religious institution, true or false?
True
State cannot give __________ to educational institutions run by religious communities
Financial support
State cannot hinder the _________ as long as they are ___________
Activities of religious communities. Within the limits set by the law of the land.
Religion is a ______ matter, it is not a matter of ________
Private. State policy or law.
Indian secularism opposed the oppression of ______ and _______ within Hinduism
Dalits and Women
Indian secularism deals not only with religious freedom of _______ but also the religious freedom of __________
Individuals. Minority Communities.
In Indian model of secularism, what rights does the individuals and religious minorities have?
Individuals have right to profess the religion of his or her choice. Religious minorities have right to EXIST and MAINTAIN their own culture and educational institutions
What laws does the Indian secularism actively support?
It actively supports laws to eliminate discriminatory practises like: 1. Abolishing untouchability. 2. Banning child marriage. 3. Promotion of Inter-caste marriage.