Energy Transfer

The transfer of energy from one organism to another. (E.g. if a cow eats grass it will get chemical energy from the grass which it will store in its body as potential energy until it needs to use it for heat, movement etc.)

The flow of energy as one organism consumes another. Arrows point towards the eater (cow) and away from the eaten ( grass)

Example: 🌾 ➡️ 🦗➡️🐭➡️🦉

A trophic The sun is trophic level 0, a producer like grass is trophic level 1, a consumer like a cow is trophic level 2 etc.

False They are always the first trophic level because the only thing before them is the sun but it is trophic level 0. Plants don’t eat plants so plants will only ever be the first trophic level.

HORIZONTALLY

PRODUCERS

CONSUMERS They eat plants and animals (not able to make their own food)

Grass = trophic level 1 Springbok = trophic level 2 Lion = trophic level 3

The sun = trophic level 0 Carrots = trophic level 1 Rabbit = trophic level 2 Fox = trophic level 3

Plants and animals connected by feeding relationships (E.g. in a good chain only one organism consumes the previous organism, but in a food web it shows multiple consumers and consumed.) (E.g. bear eats rabbit vs bear, hawk and jaguar can all a rabbit)

• Producers (needed to start a food web) • Consumer (optional, is not needed in a food web) • Decomposer (needed to end a good web)

Keep an ecosystem functioning

True