Reactivity 2.3 (HL)
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The reaction quotient (Q)
Can be calculated at any point in the rxn. Tells us if the reaction is at equilibrium and if not which way we need to go to get to equilibrium.
Q<K
The rxn proceeds to the right in favour of the products (the reaction will move towards products to reach equilibrium)
Q=K
The rxn is at equilibrium, no net rxn occurs
Q>K
The rxn proceeds to the left in favour of the reactants (the reaction will move towards reactants to reach equilibrium)
Gibbs energy change (ΔG)
A measure of the work that is available from a system
What is the gibbs energy (ΔG) change ta the point of equilibrium?
0, because neither the forwards or backwards rxn is favoured
The more negative the value of ΔG the more the ___ rxn is favoured and the ___ the value of K
Forward, larger
When K=1, what is the equilibrium mixture and the value of ΔG?
Equilibrium mixture= neither products nor reactants favoured (at eq) ΔG= 0
When K»1, what is the equilibrium mixture and the value of ΔG?
Equilibrium mixture= Contains mainly products ΔG<0 (negative)
When K«1, what is the equilibrium mixture and the value of ΔG?
Equilibrium mixture= Contains mostly reactants ΔG> 0 (positive)