Chapter 2: Data Transmission

a small part of a message/data that is transmitted over a network

the part of the data packet that contains the IP addresses of the sender and receiver, and includes the packet number which allows reassembly of the data packets

The part of a data packet test indicates the end of the data packet and CRC.

An error checking method in which all the 1-bits I’m the data packet payload are added and the total is stored in the packet trailer.

The actual data being carried on a data packet

Stages in a network that can receive and transmit data packets

A method of transmission in which a message is broken into many data packets which can be sent along pathways independently to each other

A device that enables data packets to be moved between different networks

the transmission of data over a network for live events where the data is sent as soon as it is received or generated

a number in a data packet header used to stop data packets that never reach their destination from ‘clogging up’ the data paths/routes

data that can be sent on one direction only

data that can be sent in both directions but not at the same time

data that can be sent in both directions at the same time (simultaneously)

sending data down one channel/wire one bit at a time

sending data down several channels/wires several bits at a time (usually 1 byte)

data that arrives at the destination with the bits no longer synchronised

a type of serial data transmission which has become the industry standard for connecting computers to devices via a USB port

a method used to check if data has been transferred correctly; it makes use of even parity (an even number of 1-bits) or odd parity (an odd number of 1-bits)

a bit (either 0 or 1) added to a byte of data in the most significant bit position; this ensures that the byte follows the correct even parity or odd parity protocol

a horizontal and vertical parity check on a block of data being transmitted

a horizontal and vertical parity check on a block of data being transmitted

an extra byte of data sent at the end of a parity block; it is composed of the parity bits generated from a vertical parity check of the data block

a verification method used to check if data transferred has been altered or corrupted; calculated from the block of data of data being sent; the checksum value is sent after each data block

a method of checking transmitted data for errors; it makes use of acknowledgement and timeout to automatically request re-sending of data if the time interval before positive acknowledgement is too long