Phys and drug primers

The prcess associated with the maintenance of a constant state the ability or tendency of organism to maintain internal equilibrium by adjusting phys process or behavior against external fluctuation

Outside body there are fluctuations in env within body it senses external changes facilitates smaller internal fluctuations to maintain normal internal env body has evolved to mitigate external fluctuations Based on feedback loops

it dictates how the animal functions ex. smaller animals have less heat exchange metabolic rates are slower the biggr you are, because otherwise material exchange at surface area could not keep up

volume increases much faster than surface area. Volume increases cubically, Surface area square

process that reinforces or amplifies itself, makes it continue. ex. breast feeding, for both baby and mom

Process that negates/subdues itself from continuing more common than positive maintains homeostasis ex thermostat, will turn on AC but then once it gets too cold it will turn on heater until its hot?

Dentrites - collect electrical signals, sends to soma Cell body/soma- integrates signals and sends to axon Axon - passes sign to dendrites at other end and to another nerve cell

Sets the resting potential 3 Na out 2 K in leads to a greater pos charge on the outside than inside it never stops at resting potential Requires ATP,

Happens really fast resting pot is neg in cell When it is triggered in nerve cell, 1 depol - pos influx of ions, caused by Voltage gated Na+ pumps 2 repol - get back to resting pot, K voltage gates open, lets them out 3 hyperpolarization - becomes too neg, needs to be reset, causes cooldown until next act pot

are chemicals that are released between two nerve cells (pre syn to post syn), triggers action potential in post syn nerve post syn nerve must has specific receptors

Slower than neurons can be neuroendocrine or tissue response, through blood ex. epinephrine chemical that are released by cell or gland, go through tissue or blood stream to affect another part of the body receiving cells must have specific receptor

Agonist -super agonist - full ag - partial ag Antagonist Inverse agonist - partial invers agonist -full inverse agonist

endogenous - processes and substances what originate from within (hormones, neurotrans) exogenous - substances the originate external to organism (drugs)

bind to receptor and triggers response exogenist agonists mimic action of naturally occurring substance you can have endogenous agonists full - gives same reaction as internal super - gives more reaction than internal partial - gives some reaction inverse - induces opposite reaction to natural substance antagonist - prevents binding of ag or inverse ag, can be reverse or irreversible

mode of action - how does it mimic one of our chemicals, ei agonist, antagonist, what receptors, depends on method Method of action - once its internal, is it charged, is it passive, is it active. What is the responce mechanism at a cellular level ei, symptoms, how does it feel