Earth and the Atmosphere - C13
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What is our atmosphere made of
78% nitrogen 21% oxygen 0.9% argon 0.04% carbon dioxide
What did Earths early atmosphere consist of
Mainly carbon dioxide Some nitrogen and water vapour Traces of methane and ammonia
How did oxygen levels increase overtime
Slowly overtime, organisms carried out photosythesis This produced oxygen, making the levls slowly rise Then plants started to grow on land, making the levels of oxygen even higher
Why have levels of carbon dioxide changed
Most of it was used in photosythesis by plants Some of it dissolved in the water as it reacted with other elements
Why have the levels of methane and ammonia changed
It reacted with the oxygen from the photosythesis Created water, nitrogen and carbon dioxide
Why have the levels of nitrogen changed
Nitrogen is an unreactive gas It kept building up from the volcanoes
What are the products of combustion
Carbon dioxide Carbon monoxide Particulates Sulfur dioxide Nitrogen oxides
What is the difference between a complete and incomplete combustion
A complete combustion is when something is burned with plenty of oxygen An incomplete combustion is when something is burned with limited oxygen
What are the main greenhouse gases
Carbon dioxide Methane Water vapour
How do greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect
When the Earth releases emits longer wavelength radiation some of it gets trapped in the atmosphere by the greenhouse gases The radiation gives the gases more energy causing them to heat up Heating up the earth
Effects of climate change
Rising sea levels Changing rainfall patterns More extreme weather
Ways to reduce climate change
Lower the amount of greenhouse gases
What is a carbon footprint
The total amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases emitted because of a service or product
Ways of reducing the carbon footprint
Carbon capture and storage Eat less meat Taxing fossil fuel cars
What does sulfur dioxide do solutions to the problem?
It causes acid rain Remove sulfur impurities out of fuels
What does carbon monoxide do Solutions?
It is the incomplete combustion of carbon Poisonious Burn carbon with plenty of air
What does carbon dioxide do Solutions
Complete combustion of carbon Causes Climte change Burn less fossil fuels
What do nitrogen oxides do Solutions
Caused by high temperatures They are toxic and trigger asthma Acid rain as well Make engines not as hot