MEIOSIS
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what is the purpose of meiosis
to make gametes (sex cells)
which cells undergo meiosis
germ line cells (testis and ovaries)
what are the products of meiosis
four genetically unique haploid cells
difference between meiosis 1 and meiosis 2
meiosis 1: number of cells increased number of chromosomes divide by 1/2 separates homologous chromosomes paired chromosomes meiosis 2: just like mitosis chromosome number doesn’t get reduced separates sister chromatids no paired chromosomes
prophase I
tetrads (joined pair of homologous chromosomes) form
metaphase I
tetrads line up in the middle of the cell
anaphase I
homologous chromosomes separate and travel to opposite ends of the cell
prophase II
double chromosomes comprise of two sister chromatids form
metaphase II
sister chromatids line up in the middle of the cell
anaphase II
sister chromatids separate from one another and travel to opposite ends of the cell
homologous chromosomes
pairs of similar chromosomes same shape code for same trait one come from mom the other comes from dad
tetrad
joined pair of homologous chromosomes
diploid
a cell with two sets of chromosomes
haploid
a cell with one set of chromosomes germ line cells only
mitosis
1 cell division chromosome number stays the same daughter cells genetically identical occurs in somatic cells
meiosis
2 cell division cut chromosome number in half unique genetic combinations in sex cells occurs on gonads