Reactivity 3.1
No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.
Card preview (24)
What is a Bronsted Lowry acid or base?
B-L acid: proton donor B-L base: proton acceptor
How is hydrochloric acid solution formed?
hydrogen chloride gas dissolves in water and donates a proton to the water molecule forms H3O+ and Cl-
What are binary acids?
acids formed when a halide reacts with hydrogen
What are oxyacids?
acids derived from polyatomic ions
What are organic acids?
acids containing a carboxyl group
Three types of acid studied:
organic oxyacid binary
How can we classify acids based on the number of protons they can donate?
monoprotic - can only donate one H+ diprotic - donates two H+ triprotic - donates three H+
What do bases include?
ammonia/amines soluble carbonates and hydrogencarbonates metal oxide/hydroxide
How can we represent a proton in aqueous solution?
either H+ or H3O+
Base vs alkali
Alkali is a soluble base in water
What is a conjugate acid base pair?
pair of species that differ by a single proton
Amphiprotic substances
Species that are able to act either as Bronsted Lowry acid or bases
Species that are able to act either as Bronsted Lowry acid or bases
Amphiprotic substances
What is the pH of something
measure of the concentration of hydrogen ions
pH=
log[H+]
[H+]=
10^(-pH)
litmus turns red
acidic, <7
litmus turns blue
alkaline, >7
litmus in alkali/acid
acid - red alkali - blue
What does a change of one pH unit mean?
tenfold change in [H+]
how to round values of pH
same number of decimal places as least number of s.f in values used to calculate
Why is pH scale used?
log of very large/small number - avoiding scientific notation, easier comparison simple significance of change is relative, not in absolute size
how is concentration of H+ or OH- in strong acids/bases solutions
concentrations in solution = concentration initially complete dissociation
methyl orange
acid - red alkali - yellow