1 - Periodic Table
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Relative Isotopic Mass?
Is the mass of an isotope, relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12
Relative atomic mass?
Is the weighted mean mass of an atom of an element, relative to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon 12
How is an ion formed?
By the loss or gaining of electrons
Relative charge of a proton?
+1
Relative charge of a neutron?
0
Relative charge of an electron?
-1
What is the mass number?
The biggest number, contains protons and neutrons
What is the proton number?
number of protons + electrons
Calculating relative atomic mass
• 78 % of chlorine -35 • 22% of chlorine -37 75.78 x 35 + 24.22 x 37 / 100
Calculating moles?
How many moles of phosphorus pentoxide (P4O10) are in 85.2g? P= 31 O=16 31x4 +16x10 = 284 85.2 / 284 = 0.3 moles
Relative molecular mass?
N2 = 14 x 2 = 28
Relative atomic mass?
Copper: 120.8% = 63 54% = 65 120.8 x 63 + 54 x 65/ 174.8 = 63.6
Stages of mass spectrometry?
Gas injected in ionizer with electrons. Beam of electrons is bombarded at electrons and sample is ionized. Ions are accelerated in an electric field. Then bend through magnetic field. Deflected by electric field.
What is the vacuum for in a mass spectrometer?
Means there’s no interference from other ions. High energy electrons are used to make the positive ion
Flame test: sodium chloride?
Yellow/ orange
Flame test: Lithium chloride?
red/ pink
Flame test: Calcium chloride?
yellow/ orange
Flame test: Barium chloride?
green
Flame test: Copper chloride?
Green/blue
Flame test: Potassium chloride?
lilac/ pink
Emission spectra?
If an electron takes in energy from its surroundings it’s excited to a higher energy level. When they drop to a lower energy level, they release this energy. (this is what we observe)
how many electrons does the S orbital hold?
2 electrons
How many electrons does the P orbital hold?
6 electrons
How many electrons does the D orbital hold?
10 electrons