ch4 - endocrine responses to resistance exercise
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why was general adaptation syndrome coined?
to refer to how the adrenal gland responds to a noxious stimulus (stressor). this increase in resistance to the stress is referred to as adaptation; when the stressor is exercise, it is called training adaptation.
what hormones are released from the anterior pituitary?
growth hormone, adrenocorticotropic hormone, beta endorphins, thyroid stimulating hormone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin
what hormones are released by the posterior pituitary?
antidiuretic hormone, oxytocin
what hormones are released by the thyroid gland?
thyroxine, calcitonin
what hormones are released by the parathyroid gland?
parathyroid hormone
what hormones are released by the pancreas?
insulin, glucagon
what hormones are released by the adrenal cortex?
Glucocorticoids (cortisol, cortisone, and so on), Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone, deoxycorticosterone, and so on)
what hormones are released by the liver?
insulin-like growth factors
what hormones are produced by the adrenal medulla?
epinephrine, norepinephrine, and proenkephalin fragments (e.g. peptide F)
what hormones are produced by the ovaries?
estradiol and progesterone
what hormones are produced by the testes?
testosterone
what hormones are produced by the atrium of the heart?
atrial peptide
what hormones are produced by the kidney?
renin
what are the functions of growth hormone?
stimulates insulin-like growth factor I secretion from the liver, protein synthesis, growth, and metabolism; other aggregates of the growth hormone (GH) also have biological function and make up the more complex super family of GH.
what are the functions of adrenocorticotropic hormone?
stimulates glucocorticoid secretion from the adrenal cortex
what are the functions of beta-endorphin?
stimulates analgesia
what are the functions of thyroid stimulating hormone?
Stimulates thyroid hormone secretion from the thyroid gland
what are the functions of follicle-stimulating hormone?
Stimulates growth of follicles in ovary and seminiferous tubules in testes; stimulates ovum and sperm production
what are the functions of luteinizing hormone?
Stimulates ovulation as well as secretion of sex hormones in the gonads (ovaries and testes)
what are the functions of prolactin?
Stimulates milk production in mammary glands; maintains corpora lutea and secretion of progesterone
what are the functions of antidiuretic hormone?
Increases contraction of smooth muscle and reabsorption of water by kidneys
what are the functions of oxytocin?
Stimulates uterine contractions and release of milk by mammary glands
what are the functions of thyroxine?
Stimulates oxidative metabolism in mitochondria and cell growth
what are the functions of calcitonin?
Reduces calcium phosphate levels in blood