C7: Metals

Squeaky ‘pop’ test

…Will displace a less reactive metal from an aqueous solution of one of its salts.

An equation that shows only those ions or atoms that change in a chemical reaction. Mg + CuSO4 -> MgSO4 + Cu Mg + Cu2+ -> Mg2+ + Cu

The gain and loss of electrons

Displacement with carbon Electrolysis

> Organised in closely packed, regularly set out layers. Contain a sea of free moving, delocalised electrons. When heated, soft and easily shaped because the layers can easily slip over each other.

Because they usually have controlled amounts of carbon mixed into their structure, which disrupts their regular layout and prevents the layers from sliding over one another.

Through stron electrostatic attraction between the free electrons and the positively charged ions.

Mixture of metal which responds to changes in temperature.

> bendable but strong > very conductive.

Copper + Tin Tough and non-corrosive

Copper + Zinc Hard

Lightweight but strong, used for aircrafts, armoured tanks etc.

The huge reaction vessels used in industry to extract iron from its core.

> iron ore (haematite) -iron oxide -a compound that contains iron > coke -carbon -burns in air to produce heat, and reacts to form carbon monoxide (needed to reduce the iron oxide) > limestone -calcium carbonate -helps to remove acidic impurities from the iron by reacting with them to form molten slag > air -oxygen -allows the coke to burn, and so produces heat and carbon monoxide

Alloy of iron containing controlled, small amounts of carbon.

Expensive alloy of Iron mixed with a relatively large proportion of other metals.

Alloy of Iron containing between 1-5% of other metals.