CH 4-1 Basic Concepts of Probability
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Between what two values are probability values expressed?
0-1
What probability values causes statisticians to reject chance as an explination?
very low probabilities
What term describes any collection of results or outcomes of a procedure?
event
What term describes an outcome or event that cannot be further broken down into simpler components?
simple event
What consists of all possible simple events?
sample space
What is the formula for relative frequency approximation of probability?
P(A) = ( number of times A occurred / number of times the procedure was repeated)
What is the formula for the classic approach to probability?
P(A) = (number of ways A occurs / number of different simple events) = s/n
What term describes when the probability of event A is estimated by using knowledge of the relevant circumstances?
Subjective Probabilities
What are the rules for rounding probability values?
give the exact fraction or decimal or round off final decimal results to three significant figures
What law states that as a procedure is repeated again and again, the relative frequency probability of an event tends to approach the actual probability?
Law of Large Numbers
What value means the probability of an event is certain?
1
What is the relationship between significant results and probability?
Results are significantly high or low if probability is low (less than or equal to 0.05) Results are not significant if the result is greater than 0.05