#10 Origin of Life

4.6 billion years layers of the earth: crust, mantle, core

Conditions required for the synthesis of the first organic molecules and their development into living cells

1) Presence of water 2) energy source 3) time 4) presence of essential chemical elements 5) habitable zone 6) circular orbit 7) ideal mass 8) lithosphere 9) atmosphere

-Life probably first developed in water since it’s an environment that allows complex molecules to bond -needed to sustain life since its the primary constituent of all living organism

Energy is needed to drive the chemical reaction to form the development of life. Ex: UV rays. Electrical discharges, geothermal (hot springs, volcanoes)

Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen, Oxygen: needed to form the organic molecules needed to develop into living cells and organisms

The more time that passes, the more molecular bonds can be formed and this creates a greater probability of producing life.

Distance between planet and sun, where temperature allows water to remain liquid on the surface of the planet

Amount of energy stays constant, elliptical, amount of energy, heat from sun changes because the distance from the sun is not constant.

Determines the gravitational pull on a planet, and controls which particles are retained by the planet.

A solid surface is needed for the first molecules to be formed. They need a solid surface in order to join into more complex molecules.

Protects us from UV rays. Provides us with necessary gasses. Allows water cycle.

A very slow process that brings about changes in a living organism.

Some individuals are better suited because of their genetics. This makes them more likely to survive and reproduce, gradually the best traits are passed on and changes to species occur over very long periods of time.

Tool used to represent the major events that have occurred in the history of earth.

Eras and periods are marked by significant changes in the fossil record by events like extinction and appearance of new life form.

Disappearance of all individuals of a species. Extinction is brought by the inability to adapt to changes in their environment.

1) Bacteria 2) protist 3) fungi 4) plants 5) animals

PROKARYOTIC cells: The nuclear material floats around inside the cell. It has no nucleus. EUKARYOTIC cells: the nuclear material is contained within the nucleus. The cell has a nucleus.

Prokaryotic cells contain no nucleus. Less developed.

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus. Most are single celled.

Eukaryotic multicellular

Create their own food thought the process of photosynthesis.

INVERTEBRATES: organisms with no backbone. (octopus) VERTEBRATES: contain a backbone. (amphibians, mammals)