Exam 2
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Hyperkalemia may be caused by
Acute or chronic renal failure, hypoaldosteronism, sample hemolysis
Which of the following may occur with prolonged vomiting
Ionization of chloride
Hemolysis of a patient sample will have the greatest effect on which of the following electrolytes
Potassium and magnesium
Serum calcium concentration is controlled by the antagonistic relationship between
Calcitonin and pth
A blood gas specimen is stored on Ice if it cannot be performed immediately after collection in order to
Inhibit glycolysis
In the plasma, and access in the concentration of bicarbonate with no Exchange in the dissolved CO2 from normal will result in
Metabolic alkalosis
What has an effect on pth in bone and or kidney
In bone activates the bone reabsorption process, in kidney it preserves calcium by increasing tubular reabsorption of calcium, in kidney stimulate renal production of active vitamin D
The biologically active form of vitamin D is
1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol
The term chloride shift indicates
Bicarbonate diffuses out of the South while chloride diffuses in
Circumstances under which metabolic acidosis can occur
Late stage of salicylate poisoning, uncontrolled diabetes mellitus, renal failure, diuretic therapy
In red blood cells, the enzyme Carbonic anhydrase CA catalyzes the
Formation of carbonic acid from CO2 and H2O
What condition causes an increase in the release of oxygen by hemoglobin
Increase pco2
The second largest fraction of anions in plasma
Bicarbonate
The most serious the effect or symptom of hyperkalemia is
Cardiac arrhythmia
Hypernatremia may be caused by which of the following disorders
Dehydration
The oxygen dissociation curve is graphed by plotting which parameters
02 HB saturation vs oxygen tension po2
Levels of chloride will passively follow which of the following when being reabsorbed by the kidneys
Sodium
The most valuable clinical information with regard to calcium determinations is provided by
Ionized calcium
An osmometry method used in some Laboratories is based on which colligative property
Freezing point
Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus and primarily response to changes in serum osmolality
ADH
What is the normal ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in blood
1 to 20 ratio
What is the normal ratio of bicarbonate to carbonic acid in blood
20 to 1 ratio
Hypomagnesemia may lead to a decrease in each of the following ions
Calcium, potassium, sodium
A patient with a fever of Unknown Origin what exhibit in oxygen dissociation curve that is
Shifted to the right