P1-3; Motion, Work, Energy and Power
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What is the difference between Accuracy and Precision?
Accuracy: close to true value Precise: repeatable results, close to each other
How do you read volumes in a test tube appropriately?
Take readings at eye level, and always take the reading from the bottom of the curve on the liquid’s surface.
Speed Equation?
Speed = Distance/Time
Conversion; Seconds - Minutes - Hours
Seconds /60 = Minutes/60 = hours
What is this time, in seconds? 1m 13s 48
73.48s 1 x 60 = 60 60 + 13.48 = 73.48s
If you run at 50m/s for 20s, how far have you ran?
V = dt d = v x t 50 x 20 = 1000m
Distance / Time Graphs; How do they show changes in speed.
The distance traveled over time = Speed, so if there is no change in distance, the object is stationary. It is moving at the same speed constantly, there will be a steady and constant change in distance. If the object is accelerating, a curve will form.
Units of Acceleration/Acceleration Equation
Acceleration = Change in velocity over time a = (delta)v \ t
Standard Units of Distance, Time, Speed and Acceleration
Distance = Metres (m) Time = Seconds (s) Speed = Metres per Second (ms-1) Acceleration = Metres per Second, per Second (ms-2)
How do you work out acceleration(gradient) from a graph?
Rise/Run or y/x Find a point on the graph where the data meets both the x and y axis, and then divide y/x to get acceleration.
What is the difference between weight and mass?
Weight is the concept of the effect of a gravitational field on a mass. (W = m g)
Recognize ALL VARIETIES of the Density Equation
p (density in kg/m3) = m(kg) / V(m3) m(kg) = p (density in kg/m3) x V(m3) V(m3) = m(kg) / p (density in kg/m3)
Express 8.92m^3 in cubic centimeters.
Length : 100cm = 1m Area : 10,000cm^2 = 1m^2 Volume : 1,000,000cm^3 = 1m^3 8.92 x 1,000,000 = 8,920,000cm^3
Recite Archimedes’ principle:
The volume of a body fully immersed in liquid can be deduced by the amount of liquid displaced by the object.
What are vectors?
Vectors are forces with magnitude and direction. All forces are They are most commonly represented my arrows.
List contact and non-contact forces:
Non-Contact: Contact: Magnetic force Friction Gravitational force Air resistance Electrostatic force Tension
Recite Newtons 1st law:
If a body is at rest and the forces acting on it are balanced then the body will remain at rest. If a body is moving and the forces acting are balanced then the body will keep moving at constant speed in a straight line.
State Hooke’s law;
Hooke’s law states that force applied to a spring is directly proportional to the extension experienced by the spring, and that constant of proportionality is k, the spring constant, during elastic behaviour. F = k x
What is the “limit of proportionality” in a spring?
The limit of proportionality is where the spring reaches its full extension, and then breaks from overextension and is unusable.
Force on a spring equation
Force (N) = spring constant (N/m) x extension of spring (m)
Recal Newton’s Second Law:
Newton’s Second Law of Motion states that when an unbalanced force acts on an object: • the direction of the object’s acceleration is the same as the direction of the unbalanced force • the magnitude of the object’s acceleration varies in direct proportion with the size of the unbalanced force • the magnitude of the object’s acceleration varies inversely with the mass of the object.
Recall: Newton’s 2nd law; Equation
Newton’s Second Law of Motion can be written as the following relationship: F = ma where: F = unbalanced force m = mass a = acceleration Note that when you use this relationship, F always stands for unbalanced force.
Pressure Calculation
p = F / A Pressure (Pa) = Force (N) / Area (m^2)
Explain the relationship of pressure and surface area:
Surface area and pressure are related because the amount of pressure put on a surface depends on the amount of surface it’s spread over.