Living World

organisms made up with one type of cell that carries out all the functions required by the organism

organism that is made up with many cells in order to function.

a type of key used to identify organisms based on a series of questions about their features

movement respiration sensitivity cells growth reproduction excretetion nutrition

sunlight carbon dioxide + water —-> s chlorophyll glucose + oxygen

testing if starch is present to confirm if photosynthesis has taken place

blue/black = starch present iodine stays brown = starch not present

light - chlorophyll in chloroplast need light carbon dioxide - more co2 = faster temperature - higher = faster

they transport water and sugar via xylem and phloem tubes.

transports water to the leaf from the roots

transports sugar that is made by photosynthesis in the leaf to other parts of the plant

they protect the underlying cells while allowing light in. they also prevent water loss and are colourless.

stomata lets carbon dioxide in and out of the leaf and controls how much waste leaves the leaf.

contain green chlorophyll inside of chlorophlast, making it the site for photosynthesis

closely packed together to trap most of the sunlight. contains lots of chloroplasts due to lots of light, making it the MAIN site of photosynthesis

spaced out allowing gas to move freely between them. contains less chloroplasts due to less sunlight reaching this part of the mesophyll. still does photosynthesis, just less.

evapouration of water from the leaves through the stomata.

chlorophyll absorbs red and blue most efficiently for photosynthesis, reflecting green wavelengths in return.

transfer of pollen from the stamen to the stigma

when pollen from one plant is transferred to the stigma of another plant usually of the same species.

• improves genetic variation • if environmental conditions change, it is more likely that the offspring will have adaptions that suit the new conditions.

• reliant on pollinators • bee population is decreasing.

when pollen lands on its own stigma or the stigma of a different flower on the same plant.

• not reliant on pollinators • will be able to reproduce in environments lacking pollinators