Chemistry In Everyday Life
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analgesics have pain killing effect/kill the growth of microorganisms
analgseics have pain killing effect
what are antagonists
drugs that bind to the receptor site and inhibit its natural function are called antagonists
antiseptics have pain killing effect/ kill the microorganisms
kill the microorganisms
what are agonists
drugs that mimic the natural messenger by switching on the receptor, these are called agonists (mimicking is an agony)
what happens if hydrogen carbonate is taken in excessive amounts to battle acidity
the stomach becomes alkaline and trigger the production of even more acid
why are metal hydroxides a better alternative than hydrogen carbonates
metal carbonates being insoluble do not increase the pH above neutrality
whats the function of histamine
histamine stimulates the secretion of pepsin and HCl in the stomach
what drug was invented to prevent action with histamine and became largest selling drug
cimetidine(tegamet)
what was cimetidine replaced with?
ranitidine(zantac)
whats histamine’s function in nasal area
histamine contracts the smooth muscles in the bronchi and gut and relaxes other muscles such as those in the walls of fine blood vessels and also associated with common cold and allergic response to pollen
eg of anithistamines
brompheniramine(dimetapp) and terfenadine(seldane)
structure of histamine
structure of bromopheniramine
structure of terfenadine
why does the antihistamines no affect the secretion of acid in the stomach
because the antiallergic and antiacid drus work on different receptors
what is noradrenaline
noradrenaline is one of the neurotransmitters that plays a role in mood changes
what happens if the level of nordranaline is low and what kind of drus is required here
the signal sending activity becomes low and the person suffers from depression antidepressant drugs are required
eg of anidepressants
iproniazid and phenelzine
mild tranquilizer eg for relieving tension
meprobamate and chlordiazepoxide
drugs used ins controlling depression and hypertension
equanil
what do barbituaries do?
barbituaries are hypnotic , induces sleep
eg of non narcotic analgesics
paracetamol and aspirin
what other effects does paracetamol and aspirin has? and what does that effect doing drugs are called
reducing fever and reduces platelets antipyretic(reducing fever)
what is used in preventino of heart attacks and why?
aspirin is used because of its blood clotting actions