Climate

Large mass of moving water that flows in the ocean

Average weather for a region

Polar grasslands with the deeper layers of the soil permanently frozen

Boreal (northern) forests of Alaska, Canada and Russia dominated by conifer trees

Temperate grasslands found on the Northern Plains of North America and Central Asia

Areas with very low precipitation and if there is any vegetation, it is well adapted to the very dry conditions

Subtropical grasslands with shrubs and scrubby forest found in a Mediterranean Climate

Savanna

Wet side of mountain range

Dry side of mountain range

Climate with mild summers and winters in which the prevailing winds come from over a large landmass

Climate with cold winters and hot summers in which the prevailing winds come from over the ocean

Very dry area on leeward side of mountain range, opposite from prevailing wind direction

Seasonal reversal of wind direction associated with large continents

Soil on the tundra in which the lower layers are permanently frozen

Small area with a different climate than the surrounding areas

Movement of carbon from one part of the earth system to another

Part of the earth system in which carbon is stored

Natural warming of the lower atmosphere and earths surface due to certain gases in the atmosphere absorbing heat energy radiated by earths surface

The increase in the average temperature of earths atmosphere due to human activities adding carbon dioxide to the atmosphere

Rising of cold, nutrient rich water to the earths surface

Cold and exists over a continental glacier or large complex of alpine glaciers

Bitterly cold with long winters and smaller amounts of snow found along the coastline of the Arctic Ocean; has tundra with mosses, lichens, grasses and shrubs with no trees

Short, mild to warm summer and long very cold winters, found in central Alaska, Canada and Siberia; has Boreal forests (taiga) with conifer trees