Plants
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plants are ____ in every food chain
Producers
What is a plant cell wall made of
Cellulose
All plants do ___ using the green pigments, _____
Photosynthesis, chlorophylls a and b
Plant cycles have 2 alternating phases called
diploid stage (2N) and haploid stage (1N)
Diploid stage is called the
Sporophyte stage and produces spores which are haploid as a result of meiosis
Haploid stage is called
gametophyte generation and produces gametes. Then fertilization and it grows into a sporophyte plant
The first plants were once
One-celled Algae
What is proof to believe plants started as one celled Algae
Multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic, cellulose cell walls, and chlorophylls a and b
Struggles for plants as they move to land
water scarcity, structural support, and a new reproduction method
What are some characteristics of truly terrestrial plants
Xylem and phloem, Roots, stems, Leaves, Flowers, Cuticle or Bark
Define vascular tissue and xylem/phloem
Vascular tissue moves food and water throughout the plant Phloem carries food down the plant Xylem carries water up the plant
Vascular plants and non vascular plants known as
Vascular - Tracheophytes and are true land plants non vascular - bryophytes
Vascular plants are split into 2 groups
Seed and seedless
Where is the place for non vascular plants to live
Water or rainfall areas
What is the non vascular plants version of roots
Rhizoids
Why do short plants not do good near tall plants
Competition for sunlight
Seed plants have 2 groups
Angiosperms (flower) Gymnosperms (cones)
What adaptations are seen in seed plants that allow reproduction without water
• Flowers or cones • Transferred by pollination • Protection of embryos
Which generation is dominant in seed plants
Sporophyte and it carries out most of the photosynthesis
What is pollination
transfer of pollen from male to female structures
what are some gymnosperm adaptations
flat thin needles to reduce surface area and thick waxy cuticle
why are flower good structure
They attract insects and other small animals to transport pollen
What is fruit
wall of tissue surrounding the seed as it protects the seed and helps move it around by attracting animals
what are the 2 types of angiosperm
Monocot and Dicot