Structure 3 - Classification of matter

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Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

Molecular formula

Back (Answer)

Number of atoms of each type of element.

Front (Question)

Empirical formula

Back (Answer)

Simplest ratio of atoms of each type of element.

Front (Question)

Structural (full)

Back (Answer)

Diagram showing all atoms and all bonds with the correct connectivity.

Front (Question)

Structural (condensed)

Back (Answer)

Full structural formula written as a sentence - each C atom with atoms or groups attached is stated.

Front (Question)

Skeletal

Back (Answer)

Carbon chain is drawn as a line. Each bend represents a C atom. Functional groups are added to the chain. Hydrogen atoms not included unless in functional groups.

Front (Question)

Stereochemical (3D)

Back (Answer)

3D. Long triangle = coming out of page and dashed lines going behind page.

Front (Question)

Halogeno

Back (Answer)

-F (fluoro) -Cl (chloro) -Br (Bromo) -I (iodo)

Front (Question)

Hydroxyl

Back (Answer)

-OH

Front (Question)

Carbonyl

Back (Answer)

carbon double bonded to oxygen

#10

Front (Question)

Carboxyl

Back (Answer)

carbon double bonded to oxygen and single bonded to another oxygen -COOH

#11

Front (Question)

Alkyl

Back (Answer)

-CH3 (methyl) -CH2CH3 (ethyl) -CH2CH2CH3 (propyl)

#12

Front (Question)

Alkenyl

Back (Answer)

-C=CH2 (ethenyl) -C=CH-CH3 (propenyl)

#13

Front (Question)

Alkoxy

Back (Answer)

C-O-C -O-CH3 (methoxy) -O-C2H5 (ethoxy) -O-C3H7 (propoxy)

#14

Front (Question)

Amino

Back (Answer)

-NH2 -NH -N

#15

Front (Question)

Amido

Back (Answer)

Carbon and a double bonded oxygen which comes of an amino group(consisting of a carbonyl group (>C=O) bonded to a nitrogen atom)

#16

Front (Question)

Ester

Back (Answer)

Double bonded oxygen to carbon which is connected to a oxygen

#17

Front (Question)

Phenyl

Back (Answer)

a six-carbon ring structure derived from benzene by removing one hydrogen atom, resulting in the chemical formula C₆H₅–.

#18

Front (Question)

Nitrile

Back (Answer)

a carbon atom triple-bonded to a nitrogen atom, represented as -C≡N.

#19

Front (Question)

What are the 5 steps to naming an organic compound?

Back (Answer)

Identify longest carbon chain length Identify the homologous series Identify extra functional groups Number the chain Name the compound

#20

Front (Question)

What does a homologous series show?

Back (Answer)

Successive members show a trans in physical properties A family of compounds in which successive members differ by a common structural unit, typicallly CH2 All members have similar chemical properties (reactions) Members can be described by a general formula

#21

Front (Question)

Physical trends in homologous series and how are they affected by chain length increasing?

Back (Answer)

Boiling point increases Solubility decreases Viscosity increases Density increases

#22

Front (Question)

How to name organic compounds?

Back (Answer)

Step 1: Identify the chain length (longest chain). Step 2: Identify the homologous series. Step 3: Identify extra functional groups. Step 4: Number the chain Number carbon chain so that the functional group of the homologous series has the lowest possible number. If the homologous series is an alkane, any other functional groups must take the lowest number. Step 5: Name the compound

#23

Front (Question)

How do you name an ester?

Back (Answer)

alkyl alkanoate.

#24

Front (Question)

How do you name an ether?

Back (Answer)

alkoxy alkane.