L5/6 - thermodynamics

to know how drugs act on receptors, how drugs are distributed around body, how we formulate drugs into medicines

science of energy transfer

ability to perform work

whether a reaction or process will take place but NOT HOW FAST

study of rates or reactions or processes

the energy of movement of objects/ mass (mechanical energy)

energy that is stored (e.g nuclear energy)

form of energy caused by molecular motions. thermal energy is transferred between objects.

• describes the tendency of heat to flow from one body to another • initially sensory

0 degrees celsius

100 degrees celsius

37 degrees celsius

• used for accurate work • zero on the scale = zero of molecular motion • measured in kelvins (0 degrees celsius =0 in·kelvin² 273.15K)

transfer of energy in an ordered fashion (remember heat is just random molecular motions)

the energy barrier it overcomes

joules (J)

work

heat

U

no matter or energy interaction or exchange with outside environment (completely sealed off) (e.g thermos flask)

no exchange of matter, can be exchange of energy (tight lid on cup of tea, can still lose energy but not the matter)

both matter and energy can be exchanged with outside environment (hot cup of tea)

you can convert heat into work. e.g if gas expands due to heat in piston, it will push piston up, performing work. if you push piston back down, you are putting work against the system so a system can do work, but can also have work performed on it.

the work which is done against the atmosphere + heat energy in system