Unit 4: DNA and Protein Synthesis
暂无描述。系统推荐的高质量记忆内容，适合每天坚持背诵学习。
卡片预览 (24 张)
What does DNA stand for
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
What is the monomer for DNA
nucleotide
What is the circle part of a nucleotide
phosphate
What makes up the spine of a DNA strand
phosphate and sugar
what bonds bases together
weak hydrogen bonds
What rule states that if there are 5 adenine there must be 5 thymine?
Chargaff’s rule.
Chargaff’s rule
complementary bases will always bond with eachother and they are equal in quantity
complimentary means?
nitrogenous bases that bind together (they fit like 2 puzzle pieces)
compare and contrast the sugar of DNA and RNA
DNA:Deoxyribose(no oxygen sugars) RNA: Ribose
mRNA bases
adenine+uracil, cytosine+gunaine
DNA bases
adenine+ thymine, cytosine+guanine
base pairs
2 bases that always bond with eachother
Describe the shape and structure of DNA
double helix, the backbones are antiparallel so they are parallel but opposite. hydrogen bonds bind the complimentary bases. Sugar and a phosphate form the backbones.
Location of DNA
Nucleus
Location of RNA
moves from nucleus to cytoplasm in replication
Replication happens in what stage of mitosis?
interphase
Describe the chromosomes after replication
each cell gets a complete set of chromosomes
1st step in replication
Chemical bonds split between base pairs. DNA unzips
2nd step in replication
free nucleotide bases pair up with complementary base on DNA stands
3rd step in replication
Sugars and phosphates bond between free nucleotides
4th step in replication
2 identical strands of DNA (consists of one old strand and one new strand)
semi-conservative definition
one half of the strand is old, one Half is new
(transcription)DNA helicase does what in what step and is what type of macromolecule?
a protein that unzips DNA (1st step)
(transcription)DNA polymerase does what in what step and what type of macromolecule?
An enzyme that adds bases (2nd step)