Organic Synthesis

No description yet. This curated deck is ready for daily study.

Total cards: 24•Content version: v4•Public deck•Updated: 8/1/2026

Card preview (24)

Front (Question)

What mechanism do alkanes undergo?

Back (Answer)

free radical substitution

Front (Question)

What mechanism do alkenes undergo?

Back (Answer)

electrophilic addition

Front (Question)

What mechanism do alcohols and haloalkanes undergo?

Back (Answer)

nucleophilic substitution

Front (Question)

alkane –> haloalkane

Back (Answer)

reagent: halogen conditions: UV light reaction: free radical substitution

Front (Question)

alkene –> alkane

Back (Answer)

reagent: H2(g) conditions: Ni catalyst/423K (high temp) reaction: addition/hydrogenation

Front (Question)

alkene –> haloalkane

Back (Answer)

reagent: halogen OR hydrogen halide conditions: room temperature reaction: electrophilic addition/halogenation

Front (Question)

alkene –> alcohol

Back (Answer)

reagent: H20(g) conditions: H3PO4 catalyst reaction: electrophilic addition/hydration

Front (Question)

1° alcohol –> aldehyde

Back (Answer)

reagent: K2Cr2O7 conditions: dilute H2SO4/heat and distil reaction: oxidation

Front (Question)

1° alcohol –> carboxylic acid

Back (Answer)

reagent: K2Cr2O7 conditions: dilute H2SO4/heat under reflux reaction: oxidation

#10

Front (Question)

2° alcohol –> ketone

Back (Answer)

reagent: K2Cr2O7 conditions: dilute H2SO4/heat under reflux reaction: oxidation

#11

Front (Question)

alcohol –> alkene

Back (Answer)

conditions: conc H2SO4 or H3PO4 and heat reaction: elimination/dehydration

#12

Front (Question)

alcohol –> haloalkane

Back (Answer)

reagent: hydrogen halide made in situ NaX + H2SO4 –> HX + NaHSO4 conditions: heat under reflux reaction: nucleophilic substitution

#13

Front (Question)

1° haloalkane –> alcohol

Back (Answer)

reagent: NaOH(aq) or H2O(aq) reaction: nucleophilic substitution/hydrolysis (if water in used as a nucleophile)

#14

Front (Question)

what mechanisms do aromatic compounds undergo?

Back (Answer)

electrophilic substitution

#15

Front (Question)

2,4,6 directing groups

Back (Answer)

activating groups: NH2 OH

#16

Front (Question)

3,5 directing groups

Back (Answer)

deactivating groups: NO2

#17

Front (Question)

aldehyde –> 1° alcohol

Back (Answer)

reagents: NaBH4(aq) reaction: nucleophilic addition

#18

Front (Question)

ketone –> 2° alcohol

Back (Answer)

reagents: NaBH4(aq) reaction: nucleophilic addition

#19

Front (Question)

carbonyl –> hydroxynitrile

Back (Answer)

reagents: 2NaCN + H2SO4 –> 2HCN + Na2SO4 (in situ) reaction: nucleophilic addition

#20

Front (Question)

what reactions do carboxylic acids undergo?

Back (Answer)

• redox (with metals) • neutralisation (with bases) • forms carboxylate ions and salts

#21

Front (Question)

carboxylic acid + metal

Back (Answer)

–> metal carboxylate + hydrogen butanoic acid + Mg –> magnesium butanoate + H2

#22

Front (Question)

carboxylic acid + metal oxide

Back (Answer)

–> metal carboxylate + water butanoic acid + CaO –> calcium butanoate + H2O

#23

Front (Question)

carboxylic acid + alkali

Back (Answer)

–> carboxylate salt + water butanoic acid + NaOH –> sodium butanoate + H2O

#24

Front (Question)

carboxylic acid + metal carbonate

Back (Answer)

–> carboxylate salt + carbon dioxide + water butanoic acid + MgCO3 –> magnesium butanoate + CO2 + H2O