Chapter 8 - Types of operating system
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What is a multi-tasking operating system?
» Can run multiple programs simultaneously seemlingly. » Done by time slicing, where each active program is scheduled to receieve a tiny time slice in quick rotation
What is a multi-user operating system?
» Allows multiple user to use a system and its resources simultaneously » Are large, and able to serve large number of orgainsations that use these systems » Each user gets a slice of processor time according to its scheduling algorithm
What is a distributed operating system?
» Allows multiple computers to work together on a single task » Allowing the load to be spread across multiple computer processors » Form of parallel processing
What are embedded operating systems?
» Designed to run on emebedded systems rather then on general purpose systems » Has minimial harware and limited amount of RAM » Consume less power then typical OS, limited in their functionality
What are embedded operating systems?
» Designed to run on emebedded systems rather then on general purpose systems » Run on dedicated hardware to maximise efficiency » Consume less power then typical OS, limited in their functionality
What is a real-time operating system
» System gives a response withing a guaranteed time grame
Why would a firm use a real time operating system?
» Needs to be able to respond instantly to changes » CONTEXT
What does the BIOS stand for?
» Basic Input Output System
What are the 2 main functions of the BIOS?
» Initalise and test the hardware » Load operting system into RAM
Why is the BIOS stored in ROM?
» Quick to start up » Cannot be altered
What is POST?
» Power on self test » Ensures that all hardware are connect and functional
What is the boostrap/bootloader?
» Is the name given to the program that loads the operating system from the hard disk into main memory
What is one difference between a single-user and a multi-user operating system?
» A single user-operating system allows one user to execute programs at a time » Multi user operating system allows multiple users to execute programs simultaneously
What iss a device driver? 2 marks
» A program/software that controls a specific hardware » Provides an interafce/bridge between the device and operating system
What does the device driver allow the operating system to do?
» To communicate with the connected device
What is a virtual machine?
» A theoretical computer in that is a software implementation of a computer system, can be used instead of a physical system
What are benefits of using a virutal machine?
» Saves time and money » Protection from malware - as it will only affect the virtual machine » Running incompatible software
What is intermediate code?
» Akin to machine code, cannot be read by the CPU, but it is a representation of a program » Virtual machine is used to read the code instead of the CPU