Political Regimes

The political regime is ruled by and for the people

A democracy with political limits

(1826 - 1926) The right to vote, however it was mainly expanded with the white majority. - Britain, France, Italy, US WW1&2 (1943 - 1962) An increase in democracies after the end of WW2 and decolonisation - Austria, Japan, SK CW; Military coups (1974 - 1990s) Fall of the Berlin Wall & end of the CW and dictatorships. - SouthEastern Europe, LA, Africa

• ELECTORAL: Free and fair elections • PARTICIPATORY: Pluralism • LIBERAL: Civil Liberties

DIRECT DEMOCRACY There isn’t a representative, participation from the public and equal deliberation. REPRESENTATIVE DEMOCRACY An elected representative represents the people, based on rule of law, the majority rule

Free and fair elections Pluralism Representative government Institutions & checks and balances Good governance (low corruption) Opposition Political knowledge/culture Free media Protected rights and liberties

the type of democracy ticking all the boxes

the type of democracy that not all democratic elements are met

the type of democracy that follows the rule of law and highly protects the rights and liberties of individuals. However, has limited government.

the type of democracy with elected government but weak protection of rights and liberties of individuals and rule of law.

it focuses on the protection of human rights and individual liberties

Laws as vague and contradictory The judiciary system is vague and corrupt Absence of constitutional constraints Lack of an enforceable legal framework Civil liberties aren’t respected

Combines both democratic and autocratic characteristics. Democratic: regular elections, elected government, democratic institutions Autocratic: high corruption, weak rule of law, little protection for human rights

Centralised power on one leader and party. High corruption, opposition and no protection for individual rights.

Coercion: all actions are based on the use of power, force and manipulation Patronage: the state is centralised on one leader. Everyone must follow. Media: favourable coverage of the government Military: spending on the military to prevent opposition of any possible attacks.

Absolute Monarchy: the state’s system is based only on the royal family Presidential Monarchy: the state’s system is based on one president in whose personality is more important than politics (personalism) Ruling Party: one single party monopolising public authority Military Rule: the state is run by the military

manipulated elections

someone influencing the government to benefit a 3rd party

Negotiated remuneration

A leader being in power who isn’t qualified

Favouring relatives in government

Theft of public funds