amount of substance
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define relative atomic mass
the mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12th of the mean mass of an atom of the carbon-12 isotope
define relative molecular mass
the mean mass of a molecule of a compound, divided by 1/12th of the mean mass of an atom of the carbon-12 isotope
what is the term relative formula mass used for
ionic compunds
define advagadros constant
the number of particles in a mole
what does the mole apply to
electrons, atoms, molecules, ions, formulas, eqautions
equation of moles =
mass/mr OR conc x vol
eqaution number of particles =
moles x advogadros
idea gas eqaution and its units
PV =nRT P= pressure in pascals V= volume in m^3 T= temp in K n=moles R= ideal gas constant
define empirical formula
the simplest whole number ratio of atoms of each element in a compound
define molecular formula
the actual number of atoms of each element in a compound
relationship between empirical formula and molecular formula
mr of molecule / empirical mr = multiplier multiplier x empirical formula = molecular formula
percentage yield
experimental mass/ theoretical mass x 100
percentage atom economy
mr of desired product / mr of reactants x 100
advantages for society and for the industry of developing chemical process with a high atom economy
little or no waste product so more economically viable for industrial scale manufacture less use of natural resources therefore less use of energy so better for environment